Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: RISW-PRACTICE-1

"Bosnia and Herzegovina eliminated several restrictions on women’s employment, including in jobs deemed arduous, jobs deemed hazardous and underwater work. It also eliminated the possibility for men and women to retire early and receive partial pension benefits, which was previously unequal" (p. 36). "Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted the Law on Free Legal Aid in 2016 to provide legal assistance in civil procedures" (p. 36).

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: LBHO-DATA-1

"21.4% of seats in the lower/single house of Bosnia-Herzegovina (9 out of 42 total seats) are held by women. 13.3% of seats in the upper house/Senate of Bosnia-Herzegovina (2 out of 15 total seats) are held by women"

Countries: Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Mauritius, Moldova, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan
Variables: SUICIDE-SCALE-2

2.0

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-2

According to the World Health Organization, the total number of suicides for women ages 15-54 in 1991 was 47. Based on population numbers for this age group in this year from the US Census Bureau's International Database, this translates to a suicide rate of 3.76 per 100,000 for women ages 15-54 (TPJ - CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Belgium, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Libya, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Mauritius, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan, Vietnam
Variables: MURDER-SCALE-2

0.0

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-2

According to the World Health Organization, the suicide rate in 2014 for women ages 15-54 in Bosnia-Herzegovina was 2.90 per 100,000. This rate was calculated by adding the total number of suicides for women ages 15-54 and dividing by the total female population for that age group (TPJ - CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"Despite government efforts, women did not fully use available legal remedies because they either lacked knowledge of the laws or were concerned about the possible consequences of revealing such violence. In addition, although police received specialized training in handling cases of domestic violence, NGOs reported widespread reluctance among police officers in both entities to break up families by arresting offenders"

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"Violence against women, including sexual assault and domestic violence, remained widespread and underreported. While laws in both entities empower authorities to remove the perpetrator from the home, officials rarely, if ever, made use of these provisions. Law enforcement officials were frequently under the mistaken impression that they needed to concern themselves with where the perpetrator would live. As a result, women in danger were compelled to go to safe houses. NGOs reported that authorities, especially in the RS, where domestic violence is a misdemeanor, often returned offenders to their family homes less than 24 hours after a violent event. In the Federation, authorities had discretion to prosecute domestic violence as...more

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"There is reportedly a general lack of information regarding how courts decide on domestic violence cases, and how aggravating or mitigating circumstances are used in their sentencing decisions. Through interviews with the Ministries of Justice in both entities, it became clear that there is no monitoring taking place and only the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council (HJPC) has unrestricted access to all domestic violence cases, whether pending or completed. Unfortunately the assessments, statistics and evaluations of the HJPC are not easily or publicly available, nor disclosed in annual reports. While it is important to uphold the independence of the judiciary and the separation of powers, it is also important for...more

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"During 2011, suspended sentences were handed down in most cases (75 per cent) in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, followed by prison sentences (16 per cent) and fines (6 per cent). In the case of the Republika Srpska, information available from 2010 indicates that verdicts on domestic violence included 15 prison sentences, 14 fines, 58 suspended sentences, one judicial caution and seven protective measures"

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"There are reportedly also high levels of confusion among the judiciary about the nature and purpose of 'protection measures', with authorities using these in lieu of sanctions against perpetrators. Therefore, mandatory psychotherapy or substance abuse treatment will be often issued both as a 'protection measure' and as a form of punishment. Furthermore, the Special Rapporteur received numerous reports of perpetrators not complying with such mandatory treatment and facing no consequences for violating these orders"

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"As regards prosecution, lesser charges are commonly brought for domestic violence even when the acts involved could qualify as aggravated forms of violence due to the use of weapons, the abuse of children, or for causing grievous bodily harm.29 Prosecutors fail to include these more serious charges, thereby impacting on the sentences imposed, which are consistently at or below the minimum levels prescribed by the law. It is reported that only in cases resulting in serious bodily injury or death of the victim are sentences in the upper range of possible penalties"

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"The challenges faced by women victims are also reflected in the inadequate responses by the country’s criminal justice system. Interviewees explained that when cases of domestic violence actually reach the courts, there is often a lack of clarity on the legal reasoning behind the way these cases are ultimately decided"

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"Even when legislation provides for protection measures such as the removal of perpetrators from the family home, this is rarely implemented. Victims are sometimes given a short period of time, ranging from 4 to 10 days, during which perpetrators are excluded from the family home and women are allowed time to collect their personal belongings and to leave the home"

Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-1

"Several NGO activists argued that CSWs (Centres for Social Welfare) often fail to recognize cases of domestic violence when there is no physical violence involved. Centres will not take action when first reports of non-physical violence are received, and only react after victims return, with injuries. Another important omission in these institutions is that they do not assist women victims of past sexual violence, as the focus is solely on current family violence"