Latest items for IRP-PRACTICE-1
March 19, 2024, 1:06 a.m.
Countries: Zimbabwe
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Apart from such challenges, sex workers also face stigma and lack of privacy from health-care workers" (para 4).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Apart from such challenges, sex workers also face stigma and lack of privacy from health-care workers" (para 4).
March 19, 2024, 12:28 a.m.
Countries: Zambia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Sex workers face many challenges in Zambia because of the perceptions and myths surrounding the existence of the profession and choice of work" (para 8). "All sex workers experience stigma and discrimination, though this manifests differently for the different ‘sub groups’ of sex workers from the communities where they live and places of work. Parallel programming that aims to ‘reform’ sex workers further stigmatises and makes sex workers more vulnerable to abuse, beatings and hate speech. This seems to be most hostile towards the street and bar-based sex workers. Families of sex workers are also highly discriminated by association and living with them" (para 9).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Sex workers face many challenges in Zambia because of the perceptions and myths surrounding the existence of the profession and choice of work" (para 8). "All sex workers experience stigma and discrimination, though this manifests differently for the different ‘sub groups’ of sex workers from the communities where they live and places of work. Parallel programming that aims to ‘reform’ sex workers further stigmatises and makes sex workers more vulnerable to abuse, beatings and hate speech. This seems to be most hostile towards the street and bar-based sex workers. Families of sex workers are also highly discriminated by association and living with them" (para 9).
March 18, 2024, 11:44 p.m.
Countries: Yemen
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to the Geneva-based SAM organisation for rights and liberties, al-Hammadi told the visiting delegation that the Houthi security officials passed her and other girls between several homes, 'forced them to drink alcohol and sleep with the people'. When she confronted the Houthis with these accusations of prostitution, they responded, 'it’s ok as long as it’s for the service of the homeland'" (para 4). "Women aged between 13 and 55 - regardless of whether they are homemakers, teachers, humanitarian workers and medical staff - have not been spared by the Houthis in their efforts to silence dissent. The Houthis broke the pelvis of al-Hammadi’s friend, tortured another woman until she...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to the Geneva-based SAM organisation for rights and liberties, al-Hammadi told the visiting delegation that the Houthi security officials passed her and other girls between several homes, 'forced them to drink alcohol and sleep with the people'. When she confronted the Houthis with these accusations of prostitution, they responded, 'it’s ok as long as it’s for the service of the homeland'" (para 4). "Women aged between 13 and 55 - regardless of whether they are homemakers, teachers, humanitarian workers and medical staff - have not been spared by the Houthis in their efforts to silence dissent. The Houthis broke the pelvis of al-Hammadi’s friend, tortured another woman until she...more
March 17, 2024, 1:41 p.m.
Countries: Hungary
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"There are many extremely poor neighbourhoods that lack viable work options and where enslavement for physical labour is not rare" (para 3). "From this, you can imagine the desperation, lack of education, and the power dynamics in these areas. These areas are the main source of people who are sexually victimized and trafficked by the greed of criminals – some of whom are even relatives of the victim" (para 5). "In Hungary there are generations who have little choice but to follow their parents and become pimps or prostitutes themselves. Municipal workers in rural areas report frequently hearing this. It is an indication of the dynamics that perpetuate the system...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"There are many extremely poor neighbourhoods that lack viable work options and where enslavement for physical labour is not rare" (para 3). "From this, you can imagine the desperation, lack of education, and the power dynamics in these areas. These areas are the main source of people who are sexually victimized and trafficked by the greed of criminals – some of whom are even relatives of the victim" (para 5). "In Hungary there are generations who have little choice but to follow their parents and become pimps or prostitutes themselves. Municipal workers in rural areas report frequently hearing this. It is an indication of the dynamics that perpetuate the system...more
March 17, 2024, 12:14 a.m.
Countries: Venezuela
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In the midst of the pandemic, hyperinflation accelerated sharply in the last two months, which aggravated the already precarious living conditions of the 32 million Venezuelans, according to official records. As a consequence of the crisis, 96% of the population is in a situation of income poverty and 74% of households have moderate and severe food insecurity, according to the National Living Conditions Survey 2019-2020 of the Andrés Bello Catholic University. one of the main ones in the country. The complex situation has forced the migration of more than 10% of the population in recent years" (para 16).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In the midst of the pandemic, hyperinflation accelerated sharply in the last two months, which aggravated the already precarious living conditions of the 32 million Venezuelans, according to official records. As a consequence of the crisis, 96% of the population is in a situation of income poverty and 74% of households have moderate and severe food insecurity, according to the National Living Conditions Survey 2019-2020 of the Andrés Bello Catholic University. one of the main ones in the country. The complex situation has forced the migration of more than 10% of the population in recent years" (para 16).
March 16, 2024, 5:14 p.m.
Countries: United Arab Emirates
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The UAE is a major destination for sex trafficking, where African women are forced into prostitution by illicit networks operating within the country, an investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists and Reuters has found" (para 8). "The UAE follows Islamic law, yet prostitution and sex trafficking are open secrets. Business cards with photos and WhatsApp numbers for brothels disguised as massage parlors litter many areas of Dubai. Spas, dance clubs and bars are filled with sex workers" (para 26).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The UAE is a major destination for sex trafficking, where African women are forced into prostitution by illicit networks operating within the country, an investigation by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists and Reuters has found" (para 8). "The UAE follows Islamic law, yet prostitution and sex trafficking are open secrets. Business cards with photos and WhatsApp numbers for brothels disguised as massage parlors litter many areas of Dubai. Spas, dance clubs and bars are filled with sex workers" (para 26).
March 16, 2024, 5:03 p.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"But several sex workers, interviewed on condition of using their first name out of concern for their families and fear of the police, said they needed the work to survive" (para 8).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"But several sex workers, interviewed on condition of using their first name out of concern for their families and fear of the police, said they needed the work to survive" (para 8).
March 16, 2024, 4:54 p.m.
Countries: Uganda
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The East African nation criminalizes 'sexual intercourse or other sexual gratification for monetary or other material gain' in its penal code, but the stigma alone is enough to enforce a culture of secrecy" (para 1). "Many sex workers have retreated into hiding, no longer attending support groups or seeking health care services like STI testing, birth control, and PrEP for HIV prevention" (para 10).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The East African nation criminalizes 'sexual intercourse or other sexual gratification for monetary or other material gain' in its penal code, but the stigma alone is enough to enforce a culture of secrecy" (para 1). "Many sex workers have retreated into hiding, no longer attending support groups or seeking health care services like STI testing, birth control, and PrEP for HIV prevention" (para 10).
March 16, 2024, 4:46 p.m.
Countries: Turkmenistan
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Procurers encourage many females to come to Turkey and promise to provide them with good jobs. They cover transportation expenses and allow repaying the debt from the first salary. However, women fail to find jobs, the debt grows and as a result they are forced to engage in prostitution" (para 11).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Procurers encourage many females to come to Turkey and promise to provide them with good jobs. They cover transportation expenses and allow repaying the debt from the first salary. However, women fail to find jobs, the debt grows and as a result they are forced to engage in prostitution" (para 11).
March 16, 2024, 4:33 p.m.
Countries: Turkey
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Even though sex work is legal, Istanbul has only one legal brothel, in the Karaköy district near the Galata tower. This has left women vulnerable to violence and exploitation on the streets, consigned to plying their trade in the rougher neighbourhoods of this city" (para 2). "The status of sex workers is a controversial matter in Turkey, where conservative values and public piety clash with the secular principles on which the republic was founded" (para 6).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Even though sex work is legal, Istanbul has only one legal brothel, in the Karaköy district near the Galata tower. This has left women vulnerable to violence and exploitation on the streets, consigned to plying their trade in the rougher neighbourhoods of this city" (para 2). "The status of sex workers is a controversial matter in Turkey, where conservative values and public piety clash with the secular principles on which the republic was founded" (para 6).
March 16, 2024, 3:04 p.m.
Countries: Thailand
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Sex workers in Thailand confront a range of difficulties, facing both social biases and legal complexities. The associated social stigma leads to exclusion, discrimination, and restricted access to essential services, leaving sex workers more vulnerable to exploitation and abuse" (para 9).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Sex workers in Thailand confront a range of difficulties, facing both social biases and legal complexities. The associated social stigma leads to exclusion, discrimination, and restricted access to essential services, leaving sex workers more vulnerable to exploitation and abuse" (para 9).
March 16, 2024, 1:17 a.m.
Countries: Tajikistan
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Many woman involved in the business say they became sex workers because of the extreme poverty they face in Tajikistan, one of the poorest countries in Central Asia" (para 5). "Sex workers often keep the source of their income secret from their relatives, fearing strong stigmas attached to prostitution in the predominantly Muslim society" (para 12).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Many woman involved in the business say they became sex workers because of the extreme poverty they face in Tajikistan, one of the poorest countries in Central Asia" (para 5). "Sex workers often keep the source of their income secret from their relatives, fearing strong stigmas attached to prostitution in the predominantly Muslim society" (para 12).
March 16, 2024, 1:06 a.m.
Countries: Syria
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to Omar, the militias were not satisfied with institutionalising Nikah al-Muta’a (wedlease) and cohabitation. After taking control of the governorate in 2017, so they went on and formed more than 140 prostitution rings in wealthy neighbourhoods such as Nile Streets, Mokambo, Shuhada and Aziziyah" (para 18).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to Omar, the militias were not satisfied with institutionalising Nikah al-Muta’a (wedlease) and cohabitation. After taking control of the governorate in 2017, so they went on and formed more than 140 prostitution rings in wealthy neighbourhoods such as Nile Streets, Mokambo, Shuhada and Aziziyah" (para 18).
March 9, 2024, 12:36 p.m.
Countries: Sri Lanka
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Despite court judgments pronouncing that sex work per se cannot be penalised, the Vagrants Ordinance is routinely used to incriminate sex workers in Sri Lanka, especially street sex workers who are most vulnerable to violence and exploitation" (para 3).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Despite court judgments pronouncing that sex work per se cannot be penalised, the Vagrants Ordinance is routinely used to incriminate sex workers in Sri Lanka, especially street sex workers who are most vulnerable to violence and exploitation" (para 3).
March 9, 2024, 12:28 p.m.
Countries: Spain
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Before, it was largely older men sneaking away from their families. Now, both the women on the streets and the sex buyers themselves are getting younger. 'The social stigma isn’t the same as it was when I started out,” she says. “We have a generation of young men growing up believing they have the right to do anything to a woman’s body if they have paid for it, and they don’t have to worry about the consequences'" (para 17).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Before, it was largely older men sneaking away from their families. Now, both the women on the streets and the sex buyers themselves are getting younger. 'The social stigma isn’t the same as it was when I started out,” she says. “We have a generation of young men growing up believing they have the right to do anything to a woman’s body if they have paid for it, and they don’t have to worry about the consequences'" (para 17).
March 9, 2024, 12:27 p.m.
Countries: Spain
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The high demand of paid sex goes hand in hand with a wide acceptance of its consumption" (para 3).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The high demand of paid sex goes hand in hand with a wide acceptance of its consumption" (para 3).
March 9, 2024, 12:19 p.m.
Countries: South Africa
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"They are working as many hours as they can to make enough money for food and school fees for their kids. Most are single mothers who often need to pick up their kids at a certain time, usually from paid childcare in Johannesburg or from a relative’s place in the smaller towns" (para 2). "Because sex work is criminalized, and there is stigma attached to it, it’s difficult for sex workers to report abuses by police and others. When women do overcome these barriers and go to the police, the experience is often humiliating. They either send them away or laugh at them saying: “Well, what do you expect? You’re...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"They are working as many hours as they can to make enough money for food and school fees for their kids. Most are single mothers who often need to pick up their kids at a certain time, usually from paid childcare in Johannesburg or from a relative’s place in the smaller towns" (para 2). "Because sex work is criminalized, and there is stigma attached to it, it’s difficult for sex workers to report abuses by police and others. When women do overcome these barriers and go to the police, the experience is often humiliating. They either send them away or laugh at them saying: “Well, what do you expect? You’re...more
March 9, 2024, 11:57 a.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"For years, prostitution has been a taboo topic in Somalia, a deeply conservative and religious society. But behind closed doors, sex work has become a means of survival for many women" (para 1).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"For years, prostitution has been a taboo topic in Somalia, a deeply conservative and religious society. But behind closed doors, sex work has become a means of survival for many women" (para 1).
March 9, 2024, 11:40 a.m.
Countries: Slovakia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Traffickers exploit Slovak women in sex trafficking in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, the UK, and other European countries" (para 32).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Traffickers exploit Slovak women in sex trafficking in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, the UK, and other European countries" (para 32).
March 9, 2024, 11:25 a.m.
Countries: Sierra Leone
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Furthermore, sex workers are still exposed to the risk of arrest and criminalization under loitering laws in the country" (para 12).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Furthermore, sex workers are still exposed to the risk of arrest and criminalization under loitering laws in the country" (para 12).
March 9, 2024, 11:21 a.m.
Countries: Sierra Leone
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The economic fallout from the pandemic has been the country’s latest setback, which like many crises, has disproportionately impacted women – often tasked with caring for family members and working as street vendors, cleaners, or other jobs in the informal sector, which is largely unprotected by any government safety net" (para 12). "Hassan Fuad, director of the Youth and Child Advocacy Network (YACAN) in Sierra Leone, said the recent rising costs of essential items and transport have pushed girls as young as 12 into sex work, adding that little has changed with the aid worker clientele – aside from men turning to WhatsApp groups to buy sex more discreetly, or...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The economic fallout from the pandemic has been the country’s latest setback, which like many crises, has disproportionately impacted women – often tasked with caring for family members and working as street vendors, cleaners, or other jobs in the informal sector, which is largely unprotected by any government safety net" (para 12). "Hassan Fuad, director of the Youth and Child Advocacy Network (YACAN) in Sierra Leone, said the recent rising costs of essential items and transport have pushed girls as young as 12 into sex work, adding that little has changed with the aid worker clientele – aside from men turning to WhatsApp groups to buy sex more discreetly, or...more
March 5, 2024, 10:22 a.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to ATINA, Serbia today is considered a 'source, transit and destination country for children, women and men trafficked for the purpose of sexual and labor exploitation'" (para 1).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to ATINA, Serbia today is considered a 'source, transit and destination country for children, women and men trafficked for the purpose of sexual and labor exploitation'" (para 1).
March 5, 2024, 10:16 a.m.
Countries: Senegal
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"And signing up for the legal scheme is not such a simple choice in Senegal, a 96% Muslim-majority nation where sex workers face enormous social stigma and discrimination. NSWP says that leaves sex workers open to exploitation by police" (para 10). "'When you don't have the card, the stigma is there, but with the card it's even more,' Khadija said, underlining the double-edged sword of the legal system that so many women describe" (para 34).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"And signing up for the legal scheme is not such a simple choice in Senegal, a 96% Muslim-majority nation where sex workers face enormous social stigma and discrimination. NSWP says that leaves sex workers open to exploitation by police" (para 10). "'When you don't have the card, the stigma is there, but with the card it's even more,' Khadija said, underlining the double-edged sword of the legal system that so many women describe" (para 34).
Feb. 20, 2024, 6:27 p.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Women working in artisanal mining are forced into prostitution and are subjected to sexual and gender-based violence" (15).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Women working in artisanal mining are forced into prostitution and are subjected to sexual and gender-based violence" (15).
Feb. 11, 2024, 3:02 p.m.
Countries: Switzerland
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"But there is another 'economy' in Davos (pop. just over 11,000) which also receives a considerable boost from the summit — a world that exists in parallel with the earnest discussions on the debating floor of the Congress Centre, and that is the so-called 'oldest profession in the world'" (para 7). "'I enjoy my work and it's not all lying on my back, it's also helping someone to unwind and relax . . . but you really can't expect me to tell you who my client is" (para 12). "'They are having a fabulous time, luxury hotels, fine food and they are great company for the clients'"(para 21). "'My girls...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"But there is another 'economy' in Davos (pop. just over 11,000) which also receives a considerable boost from the summit — a world that exists in parallel with the earnest discussions on the debating floor of the Congress Centre, and that is the so-called 'oldest profession in the world'" (para 7). "'I enjoy my work and it's not all lying on my back, it's also helping someone to unwind and relax . . . but you really can't expect me to tell you who my client is" (para 12). "'They are having a fabulous time, luxury hotels, fine food and they are great company for the clients'"(para 21). "'My girls...more
Jan. 29, 2024, 8:39 p.m.
Countries: Spain
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"'In a democracy, women are not for purchase nor for sale,' Socialist Party deputy general secretary Adriana Lastra told MPs. The party states that 'people who turn to women in a situation of prostitution participate directly in the network that shores up this serious violation of human rights,' and campaigned on a manifesto that described the sex industry as 'one of the cruellest aspects of the feminisation of poverty and one of the worst forms of violence against women'" (para 5). "'It is a shame that our country is a world leader in sexual slavery,' she said. 'Now I hope that the different parties present amendments that introduce social assistance...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"'In a democracy, women are not for purchase nor for sale,' Socialist Party deputy general secretary Adriana Lastra told MPs. The party states that 'people who turn to women in a situation of prostitution participate directly in the network that shores up this serious violation of human rights,' and campaigned on a manifesto that described the sex industry as 'one of the cruellest aspects of the feminisation of poverty and one of the worst forms of violence against women'" (para 5). "'It is a shame that our country is a world leader in sexual slavery,' she said. 'Now I hope that the different parties present amendments that introduce social assistance...more
Jan. 16, 2024, 6:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"[A] Mapping, Size Estimation & Behavioural and Biological Surveillance Survey (BBSS) of HIV/STI Among Select High-Risk Sub-Populations in Botswana. . . . found that reasons for sex work were mostly for financial gain" (26).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"[A] Mapping, Size Estimation & Behavioural and Biological Surveillance Survey (BBSS) of HIV/STI Among Select High-Risk Sub-Populations in Botswana. . . . found that reasons for sex work were mostly for financial gain" (26).
Dec. 18, 2023, 10:41 p.m.
Countries: Poland
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In addition to reskilling and setting up a support group, sex workers also established their own emergency fund through Sex Work Polska, which has raised around 38,000 zloty (€8,500) to date...A total of 169 sex workers have received funding from the organisation. Anyone who requested financial aid from the fund received it, to 'avoid disciplining and telling people how they should spend this money'. The transfers were relatively small, around €50 or €60. But such amounts can be 'life-saving' in Poland, Dziuban stresses" (para 31-33). Since sex workers are able to orgnize and publically findraise, the level of stigma that sex workers face in Poland must be relatively low (MCP...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In addition to reskilling and setting up a support group, sex workers also established their own emergency fund through Sex Work Polska, which has raised around 38,000 zloty (€8,500) to date...A total of 169 sex workers have received funding from the organisation. Anyone who requested financial aid from the fund received it, to 'avoid disciplining and telling people how they should spend this money'. The transfers were relatively small, around €50 or €60. But such amounts can be 'life-saving' in Poland, Dziuban stresses" (para 31-33). Since sex workers are able to orgnize and publically findraise, the level of stigma that sex workers face in Poland must be relatively low (MCP...more
Dec. 16, 2023, 9:52 p.m.
Countries: Philippines
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Not only has the war on drugs hurt existing sex workers or made it harder for them to exit, it has also pushed women into sex work. Most of the people who were killed without trial – at least 5000 based on the police’s own estimates, and above 20,000 based on estimates from credible civil society and media organisations – have come from low-income communities. Five of the sex workers I interviewed lost their partners to extrajudicial killings, and two of them have partners in jail for what they said were false drug charges. Two of them began engaging in sex work to support their children, while five engaged in...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Not only has the war on drugs hurt existing sex workers or made it harder for them to exit, it has also pushed women into sex work. Most of the people who were killed without trial – at least 5000 based on the police’s own estimates, and above 20,000 based on estimates from credible civil society and media organisations – have come from low-income communities. Five of the sex workers I interviewed lost their partners to extrajudicial killings, and two of them have partners in jail for what they said were false drug charges. Two of them began engaging in sex work to support their children, while five engaged in...more
Nov. 22, 2023, 5:13 p.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Public order officials reportedly said that 'good women' do not go out at night alone and that good women will always wear the jilbab. Only 'bad women,' implying sex workers, would leave home at night without a jilbab" (77).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Public order officials reportedly said that 'good women' do not go out at night alone and that good women will always wear the jilbab. Only 'bad women,' implying sex workers, would leave home at night without a jilbab" (77).