Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"Because of the government's strict interpretation of Sharia law, women have been stripped of their fundamental rights to education, employment and free movement, with rape wielded widely as a sadistic weapon against those who dare to resist" (para 7). "Women remain excluded from all education above primary school age, following a ban from higher education since December 2022" (para 87).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: ATDW-LAW-5

"Meanwhile, a new law demands that girls wait until puberty before seeking to get out of a marriage, and also requires mediation for women seeking to escape an abusive husband" (para 90).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: DTCP-LAW-1

"During the interrogation, a militant questioned why she [Zuleikha, Afghan woman who was kidnapped and raped by the Taliban forces] hadn’t observed the Taliban’s mandatory hijab. He then whipped out a blade, cut her hair, and handed the strands back to her" (para 35-36).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: DV-PRACTICE-2

"Meanwhile, a new law demands that girls wait until puberty before seeking to get out of a marriage, and also requires mediation for women seeking to escape an abusive husband" (para 90) This information shows there are taboos caused by the Taliban forces when it comes to a married woman seeking helo against domestic violence and abuse, which, in this case, is the requirement of mediation if a woman needs a way out of an abusive marriage (MR-CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1

"Zuleikha had been passionate about medicine since finishing secondary school, but following the armed takeover by the Taliban in 2021, she was repeatedly threatened by militants to stay at home. 'They would say, Why aren’t your father and brother working so you don’t have to go out?' Zuleikha told Afghanistan International. Taliban vehicles began stalking her on her way home from work, filling her with a sense of profound dread. When the Taliban were following me, I was terrified, but I didn’t tell my family so they wouldn’t worry or stop me from going to work,' she said" (para 23-26).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: IIP-LAW-1

"Because of the government's strict interpretation of Sharia law, women have been stripped of their fundamental rights to education, employment and free movement, with rape wielded widely as a sadistic weapon against those who dare to resist" (para 7). "Since its return to power, the government has enforced a litany of repressive policies, including endorsing the forced marriages of minors to adults, banning women from entering hospitals if they aren't wearing the burka and barring women from education in schools and universities" (para 18). "'The authorities have, in effect, criminalised the presence of women and girls in public life,' Türk [UN Human Rights chief ] said. 'Discrimination affects their healthcare,...more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: LRW-DATA-1

"When a mob of armed Taliban fighters arrived at the front door of 22-year-old Tahmina, the model was home alone. It was nearly midnight in early September 2021, shortly after the militant group conquered Kabul and began to implement a brutal system of gender apartheid, erasing women from public life. 'As soon as I opened the door, a group of armed men entered. The first words I heard were, 'Kill this whore,' Tahmina, speaking under a pseudonym, revealed to Afghanistan International. One of the men opened his phone and began filming, as others beat her, tore her shirt open, and subjected her to gang rape, all the while accusing her...more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: RCDW-LAW-2, MARR-LAW-1

"Since its return to power, the government has enforced a litany of repressive policies, including endorsing the forced marriages of minors to adults, banning women from entering hospitals if they aren't wearing the burka and barring women from education in schools and universities" (para 18).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: RISW-PRACTICE-2

"The United Nations has reported a 40 per cent increase in the risk of violence against women and girls under the Taliban, concluding that 14.2million citizens needed urgent protection and assistance" (para 17). "Since its return to power, the government has enforced a litany of repressive policies, including endorsing the forced marriages of minors to adults, banning women from entering hospitals if they aren't wearing the burka and barring women from education in schools and universities" (para 18). "'[The Taliban] adhere to no laws or principles, and I believe there may be hundreds of other incidents that no one knows about.' The entire judicial framework of the country, including courts...more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-3

"Former journalism student Pari, who spoke under a pseudonym, received an official notice saying she had been sentenced to death by stoning. On January 19, 2022, the 24-year-old was returning from a Kabul hospital with relatives when she was abruptly arrested by intelligence forces. 'The Taliban had blocked the road. They came with heavy weapons to arrest me. We were surrounded by the Taliban,' she told Afghanistan International, adding that she believes she was targeted for her prominent role in anti-Taliban women’s rights demonstrations at the time" (para 51-53). "'Will you take off your shirt, or should we bring in your little sister?' Those were the words a Taliban soldier...more

Countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D R Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: LRW-LAW-4

Given the following documentation, there is no exoneration in the law allowing an individual accused of rape to have their criminal charges dismissed or overturned by subsequently marrying the victim. However, it should be noted that this only accounts for the legal framework and now what societal pressures may be in practice (ERD - CODER COMMENT).more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1

"There are no official statistics on forced and underage marriages in Afghanistan, but activists say it has risen at an alarming rate in recent years, driven by the ban on girls being in education after the age of 11" (para 2)

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AOM-DATA-2

"There are no official statistics on forced and underage marriages in Afghanistan, but activists say it has risen at an alarming rate in recent years, driven by the ban on girls being in education after the age of 11" (para 2). This information, though not providing a percentage, does emphasize the high prevalence of child marriage in Afghanistan, which is on the rise with the new legal recognition of the matter under the Taliban (MR-CODER COMMENT). "One informal estimate [on child marriage in Afghanistan] suggested that since the Taliban had barred them from education about 70% had been pushed into early or forced marriage and that 66% of these marriages...more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: DTCP-LAW-1

"There is no ban on child marriage in Afghanistan under the Taliban, but a new law on divorce approved last week appears to suggest that a girl who later says she was married against her will would not be permitted a divorce if her husband disagrees. The new law [on child marriage] also appears to suggest that a woman cannot divorce her husband solely on the grounds of his absence or failure to provide financial support" (para 4-5). "The UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) also expressed concern over the legislation. 'The decree, which codifies principles governing the separation of spouses, represents another step in the erosion of Afghan women...more

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: MARR-LAW-1

"Child marriage appears to have been legally recognised for the first time by the Taliban in Afghanistan, as activists say “shameful” new laws make it almost impossible for girls and young women to seek divorce against their husbands’ will" (para 1). "There is no ban on child marriage in Afghanistan under the Taliban, but a new law on divorce approved last week appears to suggest that a girl who later says she was married against her will would not be permitted a divorce if her husband disagrees. The new law [on child marriage] also appears to suggest that a woman cannot divorce her husband solely on the grounds of his...more