Latest items for Botswana
June 1, 2026, 8:27 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1, LRW-PRACTICE-2
"In Botswana, about 70 per cent of women have, at one time in their lives, experienced some form of physical or sexual abuse, more than double the global average, the United Nations Population Fund statistics show. Police data reveal that there have been some 2,789 reported rape cases from January this year, up from 2,265 cases last year. There has been a systemic rise in sexual assault and gender-based violence since COVID-19 struck in what is attributed to women being confined at home with their abusers as government institute lockdown measures to tame the spread of the virus. It has been particularly difficult for victims who are hesitant to report...more
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1, LRW-PRACTICE-2
"In Botswana, about 70 per cent of women have, at one time in their lives, experienced some form of physical or sexual abuse, more than double the global average, the United Nations Population Fund statistics show. Police data reveal that there have been some 2,789 reported rape cases from January this year, up from 2,265 cases last year. There has been a systemic rise in sexual assault and gender-based violence since COVID-19 struck in what is attributed to women being confined at home with their abusers as government institute lockdown measures to tame the spread of the virus. It has been particularly difficult for victims who are hesitant to report...more
June 1, 2026, 8:25 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1, LRW-PRACTICE-2
"Despite being traditionally known as a beacon of hope in the region, Botswana has not been immune to the global scourge of GBV. Statistics indicate that almost 70% of women in the country have experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime. This is often at the hands of family members or romantic partners. The prevalence of GBV in the country is usually attributed to entrenched patriarchal norms, economic inequalities, and a culture that often sees women as inferior. Despite efforts by various stakeholders including CSOs and international organizations, Botswana's response to GBV has always fallen short of what is necessary to protect and empower vulnerable groups, particularly women and...more
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1, LRW-PRACTICE-2
"Despite being traditionally known as a beacon of hope in the region, Botswana has not been immune to the global scourge of GBV. Statistics indicate that almost 70% of women in the country have experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime. This is often at the hands of family members or romantic partners. The prevalence of GBV in the country is usually attributed to entrenched patriarchal norms, economic inequalities, and a culture that often sees women as inferior. Despite efforts by various stakeholders including CSOs and international organizations, Botswana's response to GBV has always fallen short of what is necessary to protect and empower vulnerable groups, particularly women and...more
June 1, 2026, 8:24 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1
"Sexual assault in Botswana continues to rise, with an increasing number of men being arrested, including cases involving minors. During the recent Easter holidays, 26 rape cases were reported, an increase of eight from the same period in 2025. In comparison, 37 cases were recorded during Easter in 2024. Defilement cases are also on the rise. Over the past weekend alone, 13 cases were reported, compared to 7 in 2025 and 10 in 2024. These figures highlight a troubling trend in the country, raising urgent questions about prevention, awareness, and the protection of vulnerable populations" (para 2-5).
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1
"Sexual assault in Botswana continues to rise, with an increasing number of men being arrested, including cases involving minors. During the recent Easter holidays, 26 rape cases were reported, an increase of eight from the same period in 2025. In comparison, 37 cases were recorded during Easter in 2024. Defilement cases are also on the rise. Over the past weekend alone, 13 cases were reported, compared to 7 in 2025 and 10 in 2024. These figures highlight a troubling trend in the country, raising urgent questions about prevention, awareness, and the protection of vulnerable populations" (para 2-5).
May 18, 2026, 7:57 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-2, SUICIDE-DATA-4
"'In 2022, there were 12 suicide deaths per 100,000 population, with a higher incidence among males (21 per 100,000) than females (3 per 100,000). The most affected age groups were 25-34 years, 35-44 years, and 15-24 years,' states the report" (para 2).
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-2, SUICIDE-DATA-4
"'In 2022, there were 12 suicide deaths per 100,000 population, with a higher incidence among males (21 per 100,000) than females (3 per 100,000). The most affected age groups were 25-34 years, 35-44 years, and 15-24 years,' states the report" (para 2).
May 18, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-5
"According to Table 11 in Botswana Causes of Mortality, 2023 Annual Report, female suicide mortality rates in Botswana in 2023 were substantially lower than male rates. Among ages 15–24, the female suicide rate was approximately 10.1% of the male rate; among ages 25–34, approximately 4.3%; and among ages 35–44, approximately 6.2%"
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-5
"According to Table 11 in Botswana Causes of Mortality, 2023 Annual Report, female suicide mortality rates in Botswana in 2023 were substantially lower than male rates. Among ages 15–24, the female suicide rate was approximately 10.1% of the male rate; among ages 25–34, approximately 4.3%; and among ages 35–44, approximately 6.2%"
May 18, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-4
"According to Table 11 in Botswana Causes of Mortality, 2023 Annual Report, the male suicide mortality rate per 100,000 population in Botswana in 2023 was 8.9 among men aged 15–24, 23.2 among men aged 25–34, and 8.1 among men aged 35–44"
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-4
"According to Table 11 in Botswana Causes of Mortality, 2023 Annual Report, the male suicide mortality rate per 100,000 population in Botswana in 2023 was 8.9 among men aged 15–24, 23.2 among men aged 25–34, and 8.1 among men aged 35–44"
May 18, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-2
"According to Table 11 in Botswana Causes of Mortality, 2023 Annual Report, the female suicide mortality rate per 100,000 population in Botswana in 2023 was 0.9 among women aged 15–24, 1.0 among women aged 25–34, and 0.5 among women aged 35–44"
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-2
"According to Table 11 in Botswana Causes of Mortality, 2023 Annual Report, the female suicide mortality rate per 100,000 population in Botswana in 2023 was 0.9 among women aged 15–24, 1.0 among women aged 25–34, and 0.5 among women aged 35–44"
May 18, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-1
"Table 11 from *BOTSWANA CAUSES OF MORTALITY, 2023 | ANNUAL REPORT* shows that the suicide mortality rate in Botswana for 2023 was calculated by dividing the number of suicide deaths by the total population and multiplying by 100,000. In 2023, there were 5 suicide deaths per 100,000 population, with a higher incidence among males (8 per 100,000) than females (1 per 100,000). Generally, the most affected age groups were 25–34 years, 35–44 years, and 15–24 years. Suicidal mortality was low in younger ages (0–14 years), peaked in middle-aged individuals (15–54 years), and decreased in older ages (55+). The report further notes that suicidal deaths contributed to 0.8 percent of all...more
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-1
"Table 11 from *BOTSWANA CAUSES OF MORTALITY, 2023 | ANNUAL REPORT* shows that the suicide mortality rate in Botswana for 2023 was calculated by dividing the number of suicide deaths by the total population and multiplying by 100,000. In 2023, there were 5 suicide deaths per 100,000 population, with a higher incidence among males (8 per 100,000) than females (1 per 100,000). Generally, the most affected age groups were 25–34 years, 35–44 years, and 15–24 years. Suicidal mortality was low in younger ages (0–14 years), peaked in middle-aged individuals (15–54 years), and decreased in older ages (55+). The report further notes that suicidal deaths contributed to 0.8 percent of all...more
May 18, 2026, 7:14 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-1
"A 21-year-old girl of Madikwe ward in Tutume has committed suicide. In an interview, Tutume police acting station commander, Assistant Superintendent Lesego Kgosiemang said they received a report at around five in the evening on Monday that there was a woman hanging from the rafters of the house she was staying in. He said responding to the report, the police indeed found the girl hanging and they took her body to Tutume Primary Hospital where she was certified dead. The acting station commander said the girl did not leave any note as to what informed her decision to take her life" (para 1-4).
Variables: SUICIDE-DATA-1
"A 21-year-old girl of Madikwe ward in Tutume has committed suicide. In an interview, Tutume police acting station commander, Assistant Superintendent Lesego Kgosiemang said they received a report at around five in the evening on Monday that there was a woman hanging from the rafters of the house she was staying in. He said responding to the report, the police indeed found the girl hanging and they took her body to Tutume Primary Hospital where she was certified dead. The acting station commander said the girl did not leave any note as to what informed her decision to take her life" (para 1-4).
Feb. 12, 2026, 3:52 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Argentina, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Bolivia, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Costa Rica, D R Congo, East Timor, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Finland, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guyana, Hungary, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Nepal, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Turkey, Uganda, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: DV-SCALE-1
4
Variables: DV-SCALE-1
4
Jan. 29, 2026, 9:44 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cote D'Ivoire, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Lesotho, Mali, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Sudan, Swaziland, Zambia
Variables: LO-SCALE-3
4
Variables: LO-SCALE-3
4
Jan. 29, 2026, 9:43 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana, Brunei, Burundi, Comoros, Cote D'Ivoire, Indonesia, Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Oman, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia
Variables: LO-SCALE-2
2
Variables: LO-SCALE-2
2
Jan. 29, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Azerbaijan, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep, Chad, Chile, Cote D'Ivoire, D R Congo, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Jordan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mexico, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, South Africa, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: LO-SCALE-1
2
Variables: LO-SCALE-1
2
Jan. 20, 2026, 1:13 a.m.
Countries: Algeria, Angola, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, D R Congo, Djibouti, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad/Tobago, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen, Zimbabwe
Variables: ABO-SCALE-1
3
Variables: ABO-SCALE-1
3
Dec. 28, 2025, 9:06 a.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: LRW-DATA-1
The chart in the UNODC Data Portal titled, "Violent Crime & Sexual Violence," shows that the rate of reported rapes in Botswana in 2020 was 96.28 per 100,000 population.
Variables: LRW-DATA-1
The chart in the UNODC Data Portal titled, "Violent Crime & Sexual Violence," shows that the rate of reported rapes in Botswana in 2020 was 96.28 per 100,000 population.
Dec. 10, 2025, 12:51 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: DV-DATA-1
According to Annex 10, "National prevalence estimates of lifetime and past-12-months physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence against women aged 15-49 years, 2023" the average lifetime point estimate % for Botswana in 2023 was 35.8%.
Variables: DV-DATA-1
According to Annex 10, "National prevalence estimates of lifetime and past-12-months physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence against women aged 15-49 years, 2023" the average lifetime point estimate % for Botswana in 2023 was 35.8%.
Nov. 3, 2025, 1:49 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
The Center for Reproductive Rights states that Botswana's laws permit abortion to preserve the physical and/or mental health of the mother. Abortion is permitted in cases of fetal diagnosis, incest, and rape.
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
The Center for Reproductive Rights states that Botswana's laws permit abortion to preserve the physical and/or mental health of the mother. Abortion is permitted in cases of fetal diagnosis, incest, and rape.
Oct. 29, 2025, 10:12 a.m.
Countries: Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep, Cote D'Ivoire, D R Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Gambia, Guinea, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Permit abortion in certain cases, for example, if the woman’s life is at risk, and / or in cases of foetal abnormality or rape include" (Para 21).
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Permit abortion in certain cases, for example, if the woman’s life is at risk, and / or in cases of foetal abnormality or rape include" (Para 21).
Sept. 4, 2025, 12:23 p.m.
Countries: Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: AFE-SCALE-1
0more
Variables: AFE-SCALE-1
0more
July 9, 2025, 1:45 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"[I]t shall not be an offence under this section if a pregnancy is terminated or an abortion is caused within the first 16 weeks of pregnancy, in the following circumstances and under the following conditions — (a) where the medical practitioner carrying out the operation is satisfied, by acceptable evidence, that the pregnancy is the result of rape, defilement or incest, and the termination or abortion is requested by the victim, or, where the victim lacks the capacity to make such request, by her next of kin or guardian or the person in loco parentis; or (b) where the continuance of the pregnancy would involve risk to the life of...more
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"[I]t shall not be an offence under this section if a pregnancy is terminated or an abortion is caused within the first 16 weeks of pregnancy, in the following circumstances and under the following conditions — (a) where the medical practitioner carrying out the operation is satisfied, by acceptable evidence, that the pregnancy is the result of rape, defilement or incest, and the termination or abortion is requested by the victim, or, where the victim lacks the capacity to make such request, by her next of kin or guardian or the person in loco parentis; or (b) where the continuance of the pregnancy would involve risk to the life of...more
July 9, 2025, 1:25 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: ABO-PRACTICE-1
"The drivers of unsafe abortion in Botswana are multifactorial, and there is significant overlap with the drivers of unintended pregnancy. The 2020 Strategic Assessment (MoHW Botswana and Phologolo T. 2020) highlighted several key drivers of unsafe abortion in Botswana, including: Poverty and financial constraints leading to concerns about ability to provide for the child. Gender inequality and gendered power imbalances leading to coercion into unsafe sex and/or unsafe abortion. Sexual and gender-based violence, including rape, incest or defilement. Lack of access to and knowledge about contraception services, including emergency contraception. Limited knowledge of the existing law surrounding safe, legal abortion. Multiple barriers to obtaining a safe, legal abortion" (Page 2)....more
Variables: ABO-PRACTICE-1
"The drivers of unsafe abortion in Botswana are multifactorial, and there is significant overlap with the drivers of unintended pregnancy. The 2020 Strategic Assessment (MoHW Botswana and Phologolo T. 2020) highlighted several key drivers of unsafe abortion in Botswana, including: Poverty and financial constraints leading to concerns about ability to provide for the child. Gender inequality and gendered power imbalances leading to coercion into unsafe sex and/or unsafe abortion. Sexual and gender-based violence, including rape, incest or defilement. Lack of access to and knowledge about contraception services, including emergency contraception. Limited knowledge of the existing law surrounding safe, legal abortion. Multiple barriers to obtaining a safe, legal abortion" (Page 2)....more
July 9, 2025, 1:25 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Abortion is legally permitted in Botswana, up to 16 weeks’ gestation and under specific circumstances (see Figure b), including: rape, defilement and incest; if the mother’s health is at risk; or in the event of significant foetal abnormalities (Government of Botswana 1991). Abortion can only be performed by registered medical practitioners within a government hospital or an approved private hospital. National clinical guidelines on safe, legal abortion care procedures are lacking, and neither Mifepristone nor Misoprostol (the two medications most commonly used for medical termination of pregnancy) are included in the national ‘Essential Medicines’ list. In the Botswana penal code, abortion is positioned as a moral issue under “Offences against...more
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Abortion is legally permitted in Botswana, up to 16 weeks’ gestation and under specific circumstances (see Figure b), including: rape, defilement and incest; if the mother’s health is at risk; or in the event of significant foetal abnormalities (Government of Botswana 1991). Abortion can only be performed by registered medical practitioners within a government hospital or an approved private hospital. National clinical guidelines on safe, legal abortion care procedures are lacking, and neither Mifepristone nor Misoprostol (the two medications most commonly used for medical termination of pregnancy) are included in the national ‘Essential Medicines’ list. In the Botswana penal code, abortion is positioned as a moral issue under “Offences against...more
July 9, 2025, 1:25 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: MMR-PRACTICE-1, ABO-DATA-1
"In Botswana, complications from abortion remains a leading cause of maternal mortality accounting for 23 per cent of all maternal deaths" (Page 1).
Variables: MMR-PRACTICE-1, ABO-DATA-1
"In Botswana, complications from abortion remains a leading cause of maternal mortality accounting for 23 per cent of all maternal deaths" (Page 1).
June 24, 2025, 9:07 a.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: AFE-DATA-1
The gender parity index (GPI) for gross secondary school enrollment (i.e. the ratio of gross enrollment of girls to gross enrollment of boys at the secondary level) is 1.11. This number was found by using the World Bank's data for secondary school gross enrollment for girls and boys. As of 2021, the gross enrollment rate for females is 74% while the gross enrollment rate for males is 66%. (CEC2 - CODER COMMENT).
Variables: AFE-DATA-1
The gender parity index (GPI) for gross secondary school enrollment (i.e. the ratio of gross enrollment of girls to gross enrollment of boys at the secondary level) is 1.11. This number was found by using the World Bank's data for secondary school gross enrollment for girls and boys. As of 2021, the gross enrollment rate for females is 74% while the gross enrollment rate for males is 66%. (CEC2 - CODER COMMENT).
Dec. 31, 2024, 4:46 p.m.
Countries: Belarus, Botswana, Burma/Myanmar, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kuwait, Libya, Montenegro, Palestine, Papua New Guinea, Russia, Syria, Turkmenistan
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
10
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
10
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:38 p.m.
Countries: Botswana, Zimbabwe
Variables: PW-LAW-1
"Illegal under civil law, allowed under customary law" (para 18).
Variables: PW-LAW-1
"Illegal under civil law, allowed under customary law" (para 18).
Aug. 10, 2024, 2:57 a.m.
Countries: Angola, Bahrain, Botswana, Congo, D R Congo, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Namibia, Tajikistan, Vanuatu, Zambia
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6
11.0
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6
11.0
March 31, 2024, 3:14 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Belarus, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Bulgaria, Congo, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mauritius, Montenegro, Mozambique, Serbia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Swaziland, Syria, Trinidad/Tobago, Vanuatu, Vietnam
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1
3.0
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1
3.0
March 30, 2024, 10:05 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1
According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Botswana ranks as a Tier 2 Watch List country (85).
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1
According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Botswana ranks as a Tier 2 Watch List country (85).
March 11, 2024, 2:54 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Is selling sex criminalised? Selling sex is legal but soliciting is illegal. Is buying sex criminalised? No. Is organising/managing criminalised? Yes, living on the earnings, exercising control, direction or influence over sex worker as to show that aiding, abetting or 'compelling prostitution' guilty of an offence. Brothel-keeping also criminalised as is procuring." (para 1-3).
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Is selling sex criminalised? Selling sex is legal but soliciting is illegal. Is buying sex criminalised? No. Is organising/managing criminalised? Yes, living on the earnings, exercising control, direction or influence over sex worker as to show that aiding, abetting or 'compelling prostitution' guilty of an offence. Brothel-keeping also criminalised as is procuring." (para 1-3).