Countries: Burundi
Variables: LRCM-LAW-2

"The law prohibited rape against women and men, including spousal rape, with penalties of up to 30 years’ imprisonment" (40).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: LRCM-PRACTICE-1

"[M]arital rape is a persistent form of SGBV in Burundi and that there is an increase in reporting of transactional sex and sexual harassment" (2).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: LRCM-LAW-3

"Article 368 1. Incest. Sexual relations are considered incest and punishable by imprisonment of six months to five years; 1. Parents live down and bottom-line, the relationship is legitimate, natural or adoptive; 2. Brothers and sisters, or half blood siblings; 3. A person and a child of one of his siblings; 4. The stepfather or stepmother and the descendant of the other spouse. In all cases, if incest is committed by an adult with a person under eighteen years of age, the penalty imposed on the adult will exceed that imposed on the minor. The sentence against the author when the offense involves a parent or guardian is the loss...more

Countries: Burundi
Variables: LRCM-PRACTICE-1

"The government did not enforce the law uniformly, and rape and other domestic and sexual violence were serious problems" (40).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-7

“(iv) Recognition of husband as the head of the family: Article 122 of the Code of Persons and Family recognises the husband as the head of the communal household. The wife only replaces him when he is absent or prohibited. This provision entrenches patriarchal power” (40).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1

“Concerning marriage, the Constitution protects the rights of women as demonstrated in the section above. The Law on the Protection of Victims and the Prevention and Punishment of Sexual and Gender-based Violence provides for several safeguards for women in the family. For instance, Article 38 provides for the punishment of anyone who kidnaps a girl for marrying her or to have her married. Article 39 criminalises forced marriage, including the forced marriage of widows to their step-brother, step-father, or the husband of a deceased sister. Article 59 further protects widows from harmful practices such as anyone preventing her from accessing the property from the marriage” (39).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: MARR-LAW-1

“Burundi and Côte d’Ivoire recognise only civil marriages and Tunisia recognises only marriages under its Code of Personal Status Laws” (9). “Concerning marriage, the Constitution protects the rights of women as demonstrated in the section above. The Law on the Protection of Victims and the Prevention and Punishment of Sexual and Gender-based Violence provides for several safeguards for women in the family. For instance, Article 38 provides for the punishment of anyone who kidnaps a girl for marrying her or to have her married. Article 39 criminalises forced marriage, including the forced marriage of widows to their step-brother, step-father, or the husband of a deceased sister. Article 59 further protects...more

Countries: Burundi
Variables: IAW-PRACTICE-1, IAW-LAW-1

“In some countries such as Angola, despite it being unconstitutional, women are totally excluded from inheriting their deceased husband’s property and are sometimes even kicked out of the matrimonial home. In countries such as Burundi, there is no law regulating women’s succession rights. Customary law dictates the succession rights of women and in most instances they are discriminatory” (16)

Countries: Burundi
Variables: DTCP-LAW-1

“In some countries such as Angola, despite it being unconstitutional, women are totally excluded from inheriting their deceased husband’s property and are sometimes even kicked out of the matrimonial home. In countries such as Burundi, there is no law regulating women’s succession rights. Customary law dictates the succession rights of women and in most instances they are discriminatory” (16). “(v) No statutory provisions for women’s succession rights: This affects women's inheritance on their family side and in the instance their husband passes on. Customary law dictates succession rights of women and in most instances it is discriminatory” (40).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: MARR-LAW-4, CONST-LAW-1

“Article 13 of the Constitution of Burundi provides that ‘All Burundian people are equal in merit and in dignity. All citizens enjoy the same rights and have the same protection of the law’. No Burundian will be excluded from the social, political, or economic life due to sex, amongst others. The government of Burundi is tasked to ‘guarantee to all the option to live in Burundi sheltered from’, amongst others, discrimination. All citizens are equal before the law and there should be no discrimination based on, amongst others, sex. Article 28 recognises the respect of family life and Article 30 recognises the family as the ‘natural base cell of society’....more

Countries: Burundi
Variables: ATDW-PRACTICE-1

“Women and men have equal rights to petition for divorce in countries such as Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Mozambique, and Senegal” (14). “Article 103 of the Code of Persons and Family provides that nobody can contract a second marriage without the annulment or dissolution of the first one, essentially prohibiting polygamy. Women and men have the same rights to initiate divorce, either by a joint request from the spouses or by one of the spouses according to a determined cause” (39).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: ATC-DATA-2

“None” (39).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: AOM-LAW-1

“(ii) Exceptions to the legal age of marriage: While Article 88 of the Code of Persons and Family provides for a man to be at least 21 years old and a woman to be 18 years old at the time of marriage, they can be allowed to marry below those years by the governor of the province, with the consent of their parents in case of serious reasons. Moreover, Article 2 of the Law on the Protection of Victims and the Prevention and Punishment of Sexual and Gender-based violence prohibits child marriage and punishes any guardian, parent or anyone who encourages a child to marry” (40).

Countries: Burundi
Variables: UVAW-PRACTICE-1

‘The government has failed to act to prevent acts of gender-based violence, including child marriage; 19 percent of girls are married before age 18. In March and April 2024, the authorities, including the police and the Imbonerakure, harassed and evicted from their homes hundreds of cohabitating couples who are not legally married, according to media reports. They forced some women in these relationships to relocate to their parents’ homes; some children were separated from their mothers and sent to live with the woman legally married to their father. They also coerced men into living with the women they were legally married to even if that relationship had long ended. The...more

Countries: Burundi
Variables: LRW-LAW-1, BR-PRACTICE-1

"At the end of the 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence campaign (25 November–10 December 2025), the Movement of Women and Girls for Peace and Security in Burundi (MFFPS) and the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) have published a report revealing more than 200 serious human rights violations in Burundi between December 2024 and October 2025, 70% of which were gender-based violence affecting women and children. The most alarming facts include an increase in sexual violence, femicide and infanticide, as well as violence committed by state agents" (4).