Countries: Ecuador
Variables: LRW-SCALE-10

"The Special Rapporteur visited the Chillogallo detention centre in Quito, which is specifically for mothers with children, where she spoke with a number of women and girls who were incarcerated. Many of them had been victims of multiple and intersecting forms of violence, sexual assault, trauma and abuse" (13). "The social situation of migrants and refugees and the limited programmes available to facilitate their local integration in the country make refugee women and girls especially vulnerable to human trafficking for sexual exploitation. Despite the efforts made in the context of the action plan against trafficking in persons (2019–2030), the situation is of particular concern in the context of the growing...more

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: LRW-SCALE-10

"[R]efugee women are severely affected by sexual violence, even above the average for Ecuador. Harassment, rape, intimidation, use of force and coercion are constant during their journey or in the first months after their arrival in the country of destination, particularly when they do not have a safe place or a support network. 51 percent of women interviewed for the study said they felt unsafe during the journey, while an alarming 42 per cent said they experienced sexual violence during the journey, including harassment or unwanted sexual advances" (para 1-2).

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: LRW-SCALE-6

“Article 171.1 of the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) punishes the crime of incestuous rape: the person who rapes a relative who is an ascendant, descendant or collateral relative up to the fourth degree of consanguinity or second degree of affinity, with a maximum of twenty-two years of imprisonment”(para 7).

Countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D R Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: LRW-LAW-4

Given the following documentation, there is no exoneration in the law allowing an individual accused of rape to have their criminal charges dismissed or overturned by subsequently marrying the victim. However, it should be noted that this only accounts for the legal framework and now what societal pressures may be in practice (ERD - CODER COMMENT).more

Countries: Albania, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Cote D'Ivoire, Ecuador, Estonia, France, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Iceland, Iraq, Ireland, Jamaica, Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Mozambique, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay, Peru, Qatar, Russia, Senegal, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Taiwan, Togo, Tunisia, Ukraine, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam
Variables: DV-SCALE-1

2

Countries: Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Greece, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zimbabwe
Variables: LO-SCALE-2

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Countries: Algeria, Angola, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma/Myanmar, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Rep, Chad, Chile, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, D R Congo, Djibouti, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Gambia, Ghana, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad/Tobago, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, United States, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Yemen, Zimbabwe
Variables: ABO-SCALE-1

3

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: DV-DATA-1

According to Annex 10, "National prevalence estimates of lifetime and past-12-months physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence against women aged 15-49 years, 2023" the average lifetime point estimate % for Ecuador in 2023 was 24.1%.

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-1

""'There’s a systematic problem with the police and prosecutor’s office,' said Albert de la Huerta, Our Rescue’s Latin America director of operations. Prosecutors from mainland Ecuador are only deployed to the islands for short periods, and the constant rotation causes delays and eventual dismissal of crimes, he said. 'By the time they get knowledge of the islands, they’re leaving. I think it’s set up that way because everyone wants to protect the image of the Galápagos,' said De la Huerta, who said the Galápagos was one of Latin America’s worst 'hot spots' for child trafficking" (para 14-15).

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: NGOFW-DATA-1

"Two of the girls attacked at El Mango [a scenic viewpoint in the Galapagos Islands] reported the crime to the police. When local authorities failed to take action, they sought help from a local activist group, Magma. Together with international anti-sex-trafficking organisation Our Rescue, they arranged for the girls to be taken to a safe-house in the Ecuadorian capital Quito, where they are receiving support and protection while the case remains under investigation" (para. 8).

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1

"Since [Galapagos Islands resident Carmen Torres] and her daughter reported the assault to authorities, they have received threats, bullying and harassment from other islanders. Torres was accused of being a bad mother, while her daughter was dismissed as a prostitute and drug addict. 'There are so many girls that don’t speak out because [they fear] the violence they will face for doing so,' said Torres (para. 6-7). The names referenced in this quote are acknowledged in the article to be pseudonyms used due to fear of retribution for speaking to the media (NAC - CODER COMMENT). "In 2022, [women's advocacy group Magma] urged authorities to act after a 12-year-old gave...more

Countries: Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palestine, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: AFE-SCALE-1

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Countries: Ecuador
Variables: AFE-DATA-1

The gender parity index (GPI) for gross secondary school enrollment (i.e. the ratio of gross enrollment of girls to gross enrollment of boys at the secondary level) is 1.03. This number was found by using the World Bank's data for secondary school gross enrollment for girls and boys. As of 2023, the gross enrollment rate for females is 95% while the gross enrollment rate for males is 92%. (CEC2 - CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador
Variables: ACR-PRACTICE-1

"Ulloa Ziaurriz said that in her experience working as a women’s reproductive lawyer across Latin America — chiefly in Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador and Mexico — agencies specifically target those facing financial hardship. 'After the pandemic, a lot of women lost their jobs. They looked for single women with children who desperately needed economic support,' she said of agencies, describing the process as a form of human trafficking" (para 29-30).

Countries: Ecuador
Variables: MABFC-DATA-1

"According to data from the National Statistics and Census Institute, in 2015 there were 2,436 births resulting from teenage pregnancies, which meant that every day, seven girls between 10 and 14 years became mothers; and in the 15 to 19 age range, 158 adolescents experience early motherhood every day (National Statistics and Census Institute, 2016)" (3).