Countries: Italy
Variables: IRP-LAW-1

"Under Italian law, selling sex is legal, but pimping is not, and one expert said he suspected pimps were lurking behind a lot of the women advertising sex online. 'Are these women placing the ads on these sites, or is someone doing it for them? How do we know? Is there a filter?' said Fabio Sorgoni, the head of anti-trafficking at charity On the Road." (para 22-23).

Countries: Italy
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-2

"Declining to give her name, the woman walked on swiftly, passing the shared flat on Via Riboty where two Chinese prostitutes were murdered last week, allegedly by a mobster with a history of violence. He then made it three victims within minutes when he fatally stabbed a Colombian prostitute at a nearby well-to-do apartment building. The women were ghosts while alive, unknown even to their neighbours. In death they are dominating the headlines as their brutal murders lift the lid on Rome’s hidden world of foreign prostitutes — often trafficked from their home countries to work from apartments in affluent neighbourhoods." (para 2-3). "'They are often brought in to Italy...more

Countries: Italy
Variables: IRP-DATA-2

"The Chinese were moving from street prostitution in Italy to working in apartment, a trend evident among the country’s 50,000 total sex workers, said Carchedi. Since 2017 the number of apartment-based prostitutes had risen from about 12,000 to around 30,000, he said, with the remainder on the street." (para 11-12). "Sorgoni estimated that 20 percent of street prostitutes in Italy today are African, 70 percent European and the remainder south American, while 28 per cent of the total are transsexual. A boom in arrivals of Nigerian prostitutes, which peaked in 2016 when 16,000 arrived in Italy, many on boats from Libya, was now tailing off, he said." (para 26-27).more

Countries: Italy
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1

"Francesco Carchedi, a social sciences professor at Rome’s La Sapienza university who has studied the growing number of prostitutes working out of apartments in Rome, said he was not surprised, claiming there are now 1,500 Chinese sex workers based in 600 flats and 80 massage parlours in Rome — a third of the city’s prostitutes." (para 9). "'In the Marche region, where I work, every pavement is controlled by someone — usually Albanians or Romanians,' he said. 'Prices there can drop to €10 for sex — the price of a pizza,' he added. Sorgoni estimated that 20 per cent of street prostitutes in Italy today are African, 70 percent European...more

Countries: Italy
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-1

"Italy’s amazement that an underworld figure had become a mass murderer combined with the shock that Chinese women were working yards from Rome’s central court, while Castaño Torres was seeing clients in a building full of middle-class families." (para 8). "Italian bids to stop the boats and the Covid pandemic were behind the slowdown, although Sorgoni said a key protagonist was Ewuare II, a religious leader in Edo State in Nigeria. Ewaure, who graduated from the University of Wales, banned the use in 2018 of voodoo ceremonies which had been used by traffickers to terrify young Nigerian women from Edo State into working as prostitutes in Italy. 'That ban had...more

Countries: Italy
Variables: ABO-LAW-1

"Abortion has been legal here since 1978; women seeking terminations in the first 90 days of pregnancy are protected under Italy’s Law 194. The law also allows for 'therapeutic' abortions – beyond the 90-day mark – but only if there are serious fetal abnormalities or if the mother’s life or health is at risk" (para 8). "Law 194 stipulates that all hospitals should provide abortions at their facilities, but it also gives doctors – as well as nurses, anesthesiologists and other medical support staff – the option to 'conscientiously object' to performing them, for example, if doing so would go against their religious or personal beliefs" (para 9). "In the...more

Countries: Italy
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-2

"Ministry of Health data shows that in 2005, the number of doctors objecting to abortion was 59%; now it’s almost 70%. Scassellati attributes that change to several factors, including a 'radical' shift in the way doctors are educated. 'Gynecologists never enter a ward where abortions are done during their training – it’s not like this in other European countries,' she said, adding that general practitioners are also not educated on preventative care, such as contraception" (para 23-24).

Countries: Italy
Variables: ABO-PRACTICE-1

"During her first three doctor’s visits at seven, 12 and 15 weeks, Emma – whose name has been changed to protect her identity due to societal stigma around abortion – says she was told everything was going well" (para 4). "In the European Union, 22 out of 28 member states, including Italy, currently provide the right to conscientious objection over abortion, according to the WHO’s 2018 Global Abortion Policies Database. Across Italy, 68.4% of gynecologists identify as 'conscientious objectors,' according to 2017 Italian Ministry of Health data. In some parts of the country, accessing an abortion can be nearly impossible, with gynecologists in the southern regions of Molise and Basilicata...more

Countries: Italy
Variables: FSCB-LAW-1

"In the November draft budget, Salvini supported a League initiative to give families who have a third child between 2019 and 2021 state-held land for 20 years" (para 45).

Countries: Italy
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-2

"If a hospital’s head of staff is known to object to abortion, Agatone says, other doctors working there may fear that going against the grain – by being open to carrying out terminations – could hinder their career prospects" (para 24). "Dr. Francesco Cucinelli, one of the 19 objecting gynecologists at San Camillo told CNN that in his work environment, he doesn’t see any pressure on doctors to object, saying that his decision is purely personal. Dr. Maria Giovanna Salerno, the head of San Camillo’s gynecology department, insisted that 'a public hospital must respect the Italian law,' by offering abortions" (para 25-26). "But the Council of Europe, the body that...more

Countries: Albania, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, D R Congo, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Madagascar, Mali, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam
Variables: CONST-SCALE-1

0.0

Countries: Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei, Burma/Myanmar, China, Cuba, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Niger, Nigeria, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, South Sudan, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Thailand, Trinidad/Tobago, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen
Variables: ATC-SCALE-1

2.0

Countries: Italy
Variables: ATC-DATA-6

Italy IV Plan on Action on Women, Peace and Security (2020-2024) "By the fourth National Action Plan, Italy aims at a further qualitative leap in the efforts made by Institutions and civil society in the realisation of the objectives set by the Women, Peace and Security Agenda, updating and refining the tools available. In this perspective, Italian Authorities will strengthen their coordination in the multiple and worthy initiatives that will be carried out to prevent and respond to cases of violence in crisis contexts; to promote women's empowerment and gender equality; to increase women's participation in all spheres of economic and social life" (3). "This Fourth National Action Plan (NAP)...more

Countries: Italy
Variables: ABO-LAW-1

"Pregnant women in the northern Italian region of Piedmont could be paid €4,000 (£3,300) not to have an abortion under a proposal submitted by a far-right councillor, sparking condemnation from opposition parties and women’s groups. Maurizio Marrone, regional councillor for social policies, foresees the region giving €400,000 to anti-abortion associations, which in turn would make the money available to 100 women to entice them not to abort. 'In Piedmont, 100 more children will be born,' said Marrone, a politician with the far-right Brothers of Italy. “Children who would not have otherwise come into the world because of their mothers’ economic difficulties.” (1-3)

Countries: Italy
Variables: CUST-LAW-1

"...Act No. 54/2006...has...flipped the relevant custody system, under which children were assigned either to one of the parents according to the discretion of the presiding judge or the court or by understandings reached by the spouses. With the reform, if the parents separate, children are assigned to both parents as a rule, and only as an exception to one of them – in the latter event only if it responds to the best interest of the child" (106).