Latest items for Rwanda
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"The changes came in response to pressure from human rights groups, also and amid a larger effort to improve gender equity that followed the genocide which tore the country apart nearly 30 years ago. But reproductive health advocates say many women still struggle to obtain safe and legal abortions" (par. 11).
Variables: SEGI-PRACTICE-1
"The changes came in response to pressure from human rights groups, also and amid a larger effort to improve gender equity that followed the genocide which tore the country apart nearly 30 years ago. But reproductive health advocates say many women still struggle to obtain safe and legal abortions" (par. 11).
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: RISW-PRACTICE-1
"Rwanda has been gradually moving in the opposite direction. The nation began loosening its strict abortion laws in 2012, allowing the procedure to be obtained legally from a doctor under limited criteria such as rape, incest, and medically dangerous pregnancies" (par. 10). "More recently, a ministerial order that took effect in 2019 further relaxed some of the rules, removing requirements that abortion seekers obtain a judge's approval and stating that sexual assault victims do not have to prove they've been raped in order to receive a legal abortion. As part of this new approach, the Rwandan government since 2016 has pardoned and released more than 500 women who were incarcerated...more
Variables: RISW-PRACTICE-1
"Rwanda has been gradually moving in the opposite direction. The nation began loosening its strict abortion laws in 2012, allowing the procedure to be obtained legally from a doctor under limited criteria such as rape, incest, and medically dangerous pregnancies" (par. 10). "More recently, a ministerial order that took effect in 2019 further relaxed some of the rules, removing requirements that abortion seekers obtain a judge's approval and stating that sexual assault victims do not have to prove they've been raped in order to receive a legal abortion. As part of this new approach, the Rwandan government since 2016 has pardoned and released more than 500 women who were incarcerated...more
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: NGOFW-PRACTICE-1, NGOFW-DATA-1
"She's a human rights and litigation officer with HDI Rwanda, a nonprofit in Kigali focused on health access" (par. 15). This shows there is NGOs oreinted towards women in Rwanda (IME - CODER COMMENT). "The burden of those convictions has fallen disproportionately on lower-income women, says Sengoga Christopher, director of HDI's Center for Health and Rights. For many reasons, including lack of information and access to health care, he says poor women in Rwanda are more likely to face prosecution and incarceration for abortion. They're also more likely to use unsafe methods, which he deems a 'double injustice.' Sengoga, who goes by Chris because Rwandan names are often given in...more
Variables: NGOFW-PRACTICE-1, NGOFW-DATA-1
"She's a human rights and litigation officer with HDI Rwanda, a nonprofit in Kigali focused on health access" (par. 15). This shows there is NGOs oreinted towards women in Rwanda (IME - CODER COMMENT). "The burden of those convictions has fallen disproportionately on lower-income women, says Sengoga Christopher, director of HDI's Center for Health and Rights. For many reasons, including lack of information and access to health care, he says poor women in Rwanda are more likely to face prosecution and incarceration for abortion. They're also more likely to use unsafe methods, which he deems a 'double injustice.' Sengoga, who goes by Chris because Rwandan names are often given in...more
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-2
"Florentine, now in her late 20s, says she was afraid to tell her mother what had happened. About a month later, she missed her period" (par. 7). This is an indicator that women fear reporting rape (IME - CODER COMMENT).
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-2
"Florentine, now in her late 20s, says she was afraid to tell her mother what had happened. About a month later, she missed her period" (par. 7). This is an indicator that women fear reporting rape (IME - CODER COMMENT).
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1
"Akimanizanye, who goes by Florentine, was in her late teens then, living in northern Rwanda. She says her family had been struggling after her father had died. She remembers walking home in the evening, carrying the potatoes she'd harvested in a basket on her head, when she passed a man she'd never seen before. 'He asked me my name. I never said anything,' she tells me through an interpreter. 'I was just running away.' The man pushed her down, covered her mouth and raped her" (par. 2-4). "Even without a conviction for abortion, life is difficult for many unmarried girls and young women who become pregnant, says Florentine's interpreter, Uwayezu...more
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1
"Akimanizanye, who goes by Florentine, was in her late teens then, living in northern Rwanda. She says her family had been struggling after her father had died. She remembers walking home in the evening, carrying the potatoes she'd harvested in a basket on her head, when she passed a man she'd never seen before. 'He asked me my name. I never said anything,' she tells me through an interpreter. 'I was just running away.' The man pushed her down, covered her mouth and raped her" (par. 2-4). "Even without a conviction for abortion, life is difficult for many unmarried girls and young women who become pregnant, says Florentine's interpreter, Uwayezu...more
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2
"Akimanizanye, who goes by Florentine, was in her late teens then, living in northern Rwanda. She says her family had been struggling after her father had died. She remembers walking home in the evening, carrying the potatoes she'd harvested in a basket on her head, when she passed a man she'd never seen before. 'He asked me my name. I never said anything,' she tells me through an interpreter. 'I was just running away.' The man pushed her down, covered her mouth and raped her" (par. 2-4).
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2
"Akimanizanye, who goes by Florentine, was in her late teens then, living in northern Rwanda. She says her family had been struggling after her father had died. She remembers walking home in the evening, carrying the potatoes she'd harvested in a basket on her head, when she passed a man she'd never seen before. 'He asked me my name. I never said anything,' she tells me through an interpreter. 'I was just running away.' The man pushed her down, covered her mouth and raped her" (par. 2-4).
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1
"In addition to whatever social stigma they face, Sengoga says because many come from poor families, they struggle to survive financially. Many survive by doing farm work or domestic tasks like washing clothes. 'It is really hard doing casual labor, sometimes getting paid less than $1 or $2 per day per week," Sengoga says. "And survival becomes very complicated.' Some of the women said they had learned skills like reading, writing, or basket weaving during their time in prison, but still struggle when faced with the realities of life outside" (par. 54-57). "Now in her mid-20s with a young child, Epiphanie was pardoned in 2019 from what she says would...more
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1
"In addition to whatever social stigma they face, Sengoga says because many come from poor families, they struggle to survive financially. Many survive by doing farm work or domestic tasks like washing clothes. 'It is really hard doing casual labor, sometimes getting paid less than $1 or $2 per day per week," Sengoga says. "And survival becomes very complicated.' Some of the women said they had learned skills like reading, writing, or basket weaving during their time in prison, but still struggle when faced with the realities of life outside" (par. 54-57). "Now in her mid-20s with a young child, Epiphanie was pardoned in 2019 from what she says would...more
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-1
"The burden of those convictions has fallen disproportionately on lower-income women, says Sengoga Christopher, director of HDI's Center for Health and Rights. For many reasons, including lack of information and access to health care, he says poor women in Rwanda are more likely to face prosecution and incarceration for abortion. They're also more likely to use unsafe methods, which he deems a 'double injustice'" (par. 29).
Variables: DACH-PRACTICE-1
"The burden of those convictions has fallen disproportionately on lower-income women, says Sengoga Christopher, director of HDI's Center for Health and Rights. For many reasons, including lack of information and access to health care, he says poor women in Rwanda are more likely to face prosecution and incarceration for abortion. They're also more likely to use unsafe methods, which he deems a 'double injustice'" (par. 29).
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: CBMC-PRACTICE-2
"Even without a conviction for abortion, life is difficult for many unmarried girls and young women who become pregnant, says Florentine's interpreter, Uwayezu Brenda Kalungi. She's a human rights and litigation officer with HDI Rwanda, a nonprofit in Kigali focused on health access. Kalungi says many unmarried women with children face stigma and shame from their communities — including those whose pregnancies have resulted from rape. 'We have a lot of cases where families have rejected their children. They don't even want to look at them again," Kalungi says. "They say you brought shame to the family. So you become like a curse to the family.'" (par. 15-16).more
Variables: CBMC-PRACTICE-2
"Even without a conviction for abortion, life is difficult for many unmarried girls and young women who become pregnant, says Florentine's interpreter, Uwayezu Brenda Kalungi. She's a human rights and litigation officer with HDI Rwanda, a nonprofit in Kigali focused on health access. Kalungi says many unmarried women with children face stigma and shame from their communities — including those whose pregnancies have resulted from rape. 'We have a lot of cases where families have rejected their children. They don't even want to look at them again," Kalungi says. "They say you brought shame to the family. So you become like a curse to the family.'" (par. 15-16).more
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: ABO-PRACTICE-1
"She [Florentine] subsequently ended the pregnancy — and was sentenced to 10 years in prison for violating Rwanda's anti-abortion laws" (par. 9). "Even without a conviction for abortion, life is difficult for many unmarried girls and young women who become pregnant, says Florentine's interpreter, Uwayezu Brenda Kalungi. She's a human rights and litigation officer with HDI Rwanda, a nonprofit in Kigali focused on health access. Kalungi says many unmarried women with children face stigma and shame from their communities — including those whose pregnancies have resulted from rape" (par. 15). "Some women resort to inducing their own abortions without proper medical support, using concoctions of herbs or pills they're advised...more
Variables: ABO-PRACTICE-1
"She [Florentine] subsequently ended the pregnancy — and was sentenced to 10 years in prison for violating Rwanda's anti-abortion laws" (par. 9). "Even without a conviction for abortion, life is difficult for many unmarried girls and young women who become pregnant, says Florentine's interpreter, Uwayezu Brenda Kalungi. She's a human rights and litigation officer with HDI Rwanda, a nonprofit in Kigali focused on health access. Kalungi says many unmarried women with children face stigma and shame from their communities — including those whose pregnancies have resulted from rape" (par. 15). "Some women resort to inducing their own abortions without proper medical support, using concoctions of herbs or pills they're advised...more
April 29, 2025, 4:20 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Rwanda has been gradually moving in the opposite direction. The nation began loosening its strict abortion laws in 2012, allowing the procedure to be obtained legally from a doctor under limited criteria such as rape, incest, and medically dangerous pregnancies" (par. 10). "More recently, a ministerial order that took effect in 2019 further relaxed some of the rules, removing requirements that abortion seekers obtain a judge's approval and stating that sexual assault victims do not have to prove they've been raped in order to receive a legal abortion. As part of this new approach, the Rwandan government since 2016 has pardoned and released more than 500 women who were incarcerated...more
Variables: ABO-LAW-1
"Rwanda has been gradually moving in the opposite direction. The nation began loosening its strict abortion laws in 2012, allowing the procedure to be obtained legally from a doctor under limited criteria such as rape, incest, and medically dangerous pregnancies" (par. 10). "More recently, a ministerial order that took effect in 2019 further relaxed some of the rules, removing requirements that abortion seekers obtain a judge's approval and stating that sexual assault victims do not have to prove they've been raped in order to receive a legal abortion. As part of this new approach, the Rwandan government since 2016 has pardoned and released more than 500 women who were incarcerated...more
Dec. 31, 2024, 4:46 p.m.
Countries: Honduras, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria, Rwanda
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
11
Variables: IRP-SCALE-1
11
Dec. 26, 2024, 2:34 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
“Under the new framework, anyone exhibiting ‘deviant behaviors,’ defined as ‘actions or bad behavior such as prostitution, drug use, begging, vagrancy, informal street vending, or any other deviant behavior that is harmful to the public,’ can be held in a transit center for up to two months, without any other further legal justification or oversight” (1).
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
“Under the new framework, anyone exhibiting ‘deviant behaviors,’ defined as ‘actions or bad behavior such as prostitution, drug use, begging, vagrancy, informal street vending, or any other deviant behavior that is harmful to the public,’ can be held in a transit center for up to two months, without any other further legal justification or oversight” (1).
Dec. 26, 2024, 2:34 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
“For over a decade, Gikondo Transit Center in Kigali, Rwanda’s capital city, has served as an unofficial detention facility where street children, street vendors, sex workers, homeless people, and beggars are arbitrarily locked away” (1). “Under the new framework, anyone exhibiting ‘deviant behaviors,’ defined as ‘actions or bad behavior such as prostitution, drug use, begging, vagrancy, informal street vending, or any other deviant behavior that is harmful to the public,’ can be held in a transit center for up to two months, without any other further legal justification or oversight” (1). “None of the children were given access to a lawyer, but were instead accused of theft, vagrancy, begging, prostitution,...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
“For over a decade, Gikondo Transit Center in Kigali, Rwanda’s capital city, has served as an unofficial detention facility where street children, street vendors, sex workers, homeless people, and beggars are arbitrarily locked away” (1). “Under the new framework, anyone exhibiting ‘deviant behaviors,’ defined as ‘actions or bad behavior such as prostitution, drug use, begging, vagrancy, informal street vending, or any other deviant behavior that is harmful to the public,’ can be held in a transit center for up to two months, without any other further legal justification or oversight” (1). “None of the children were given access to a lawyer, but were instead accused of theft, vagrancy, begging, prostitution,...more
Dec. 26, 2024, 2:34 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
“The government made efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts. The government deployed officers to discourage consumers from frequenting commercial sex locations by arresting women in the commercial sex industry” (para 10).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
“The government made efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts. The government deployed officers to discourage consumers from frequenting commercial sex locations by arresting women in the commercial sex industry” (para 10).
Dec. 4, 2024, 4:38 p.m.
Countries: Angola, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, D R Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Israel, Kazakhstan, Laos, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nepal, Rwanda
Variables: PW-LAW-1
"Technically illegal, but still practiced" (para 18).
Variables: PW-LAW-1
"Technically illegal, but still practiced" (para 18).
Aug. 28, 2024, 10:51 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"Chantal doesn't know all of the 18 women who were killed over the few weeks between July and August 2012, or the two women murdered last year, but she was very close to one of the victims, who was her neighbour. She speaks fondly of her, and then proceeds to tell us how she and her colleagues fear becoming the next victims...'No one cares about prostitutes,' she says. 'Everyone is worried, we ask ourselves day after day, will it be me tomorrow?'" (para 4-5). "In November 2012, Rwandan media reported that police had arrested eight suspects in relation to the killings. According to the National Public Prosecution Authority one man...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-5
"Chantal doesn't know all of the 18 women who were killed over the few weeks between July and August 2012, or the two women murdered last year, but she was very close to one of the victims, who was her neighbour. She speaks fondly of her, and then proceeds to tell us how she and her colleagues fear becoming the next victims...'No one cares about prostitutes,' she says. 'Everyone is worried, we ask ourselves day after day, will it be me tomorrow?'" (para 4-5). "In November 2012, Rwandan media reported that police had arrested eight suspects in relation to the killings. According to the National Public Prosecution Authority one man...more
Aug. 10, 2024, 2:57 a.m.
Countries: Burundi, Ghana, Malaysia, Rwanda, Swaziland
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6
10.0
Variables: MULTIVAR-SCALE-6
10.0
March 31, 2024, 3:14 p.m.
Countries: Albania, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Rep, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cote D'Ivoire, Croatia, D R Congo, East Timor, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Macedonia, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1
2.0more
Variables: TRAFF-SCALE-1
2.0more
March 30, 2024, 10:05 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1
According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Rwanda ranks as a Tier 2 country (85).
Variables: TRAFF-DATA-1
According to the U.S. State Department's 2023 TIP report, Rwanda ranks as a Tier 2 country (85).
March 5, 2024, 10:01 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-3
"The HIV prevalence among FSWs in Rwanda was estimated to be approximately 46% in 2015" (para 1).
Variables: IRP-LAW-3
"The HIV prevalence among FSWs in Rwanda was estimated to be approximately 46% in 2015" (para 1).
March 5, 2024, 10:01 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Through civil society advocacy, Law Nº68/2018 of August 30, 2018 determining offences and penalties in general decriminalized sex work in Rwanda" (para 2).
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Through civil society advocacy, Law Nº68/2018 of August 30, 2018 determining offences and penalties in general decriminalized sex work in Rwanda" (para 2).
March 5, 2024, 10:01 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-DATA-3
"The 2015 Behavioral and Biological Surveillance Survey among female sex workers enrolled 1978 FSWs [2]. In this study, 4% and 10,4% of the FSWs in Kigali city and other provinces respectively were aged 15–19" (para 1).
Variables: IRP-DATA-3
"The 2015 Behavioral and Biological Surveillance Survey among female sex workers enrolled 1978 FSWs [2]. In this study, 4% and 10,4% of the FSWs in Kigali city and other provinces respectively were aged 15–19" (para 1).
March 5, 2024, 10:01 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-DATA-2
"Female sex workers (FSWs) are one of the populations most at risk for becoming infected with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, a region with the worst disease burden globally. In Rwanda, there are an estimated 15,000 FSWs" (para 1).
Variables: IRP-DATA-2
"Female sex workers (FSWs) are one of the populations most at risk for becoming infected with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, a region with the worst disease burden globally. In Rwanda, there are an estimated 15,000 FSWs" (para 1).
March 5, 2024, 10 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"In the draft penal code that was endorsed by Cabinet and due for debate by parliament, prostitution is not listed as a criminal offence" (para 1). "The only reference to prostitution in the draft penal code is forced prostitution, which falls under crimes against humanity and attracts a penalty of up to 25 years in prison" (para 3).
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"In the draft penal code that was endorsed by Cabinet and due for debate by parliament, prostitution is not listed as a criminal offence" (para 1). "The only reference to prostitution in the draft penal code is forced prostitution, which falls under crimes against humanity and attracts a penalty of up to 25 years in prison" (para 3).
March 5, 2024, 10 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-3
"Non governmental organisations that work with prostitutes say that many of them shy away from getting medical treatment because of the stigma they face, yet they are the largest single group affected by HIV in the country" (para 7). A high incidence of HIV can mean that prostitutes are not allowed to demand that their clients wear condoms, indicating low bargaining power. (MCP - CODER COMMENT). "A survey by the Ministry of Health found that 43 per cent of HIV cases are transmitted through sex with a prostitute" (para 13).
Variables: IRP-LAW-3
"Non governmental organisations that work with prostitutes say that many of them shy away from getting medical treatment because of the stigma they face, yet they are the largest single group affected by HIV in the country" (para 7). A high incidence of HIV can mean that prostitutes are not allowed to demand that their clients wear condoms, indicating low bargaining power. (MCP - CODER COMMENT). "A survey by the Ministry of Health found that 43 per cent of HIV cases are transmitted through sex with a prostitute" (para 13).
March 5, 2024, 9:53 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Is selling sex criminalised? In the new Penal Code adopted in Rwanda in 2018 the prostitution related offences have all been removed so selling sex is currently legal. Unclear if there are local level laws used to criminalise sex workers" (para 1 ). "Is buying sex criminalised? No" (para 2). "Is organising/managing criminalised? In the new Penal Code adopted in Rwanda in 2018 the prostitution related offences have all been removed so organising and managing is currently legal. Unclear if there are local level laws used to prohibit these activities" (para 3).
Variables: IRP-LAW-1
"Is selling sex criminalised? In the new Penal Code adopted in Rwanda in 2018 the prostitution related offences have all been removed so selling sex is currently legal. Unclear if there are local level laws used to criminalise sex workers" (para 1 ). "Is buying sex criminalised? No" (para 2). "Is organising/managing criminalised? In the new Penal Code adopted in Rwanda in 2018 the prostitution related offences have all been removed so organising and managing is currently legal. Unclear if there are local level laws used to prohibit these activities" (para 3).
March 5, 2024, 9:53 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-4
"Is sex work decriminalised with limited regulation? Yes" (para 6).
Variables: IRP-LAW-4
"Is sex work decriminalised with limited regulation? Yes" (para 6).
March 5, 2024, 9:53 a.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: IRP-LAW-6
"Is there mandatory HIV/STI testing? No" (para 4).
Variables: IRP-LAW-6
"Is there mandatory HIV/STI testing? No" (para 4).
March 1, 2024, 3:55 p.m.
Countries: Rwanda
Variables: ATDW-LAW-1
According to the "Women, Business and the Law" database (2022), the law provides for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions. The WBL database cites the following as the source: Law No. 27/2016 Governing Matrimonial Regimes, Donations and Successions, Arts. 3-8 (2).
Variables: ATDW-LAW-1
According to the "Women, Business and the Law" database (2022), the law provides for the valuation of nonmonetary contributions. The WBL database cites the following as the source: Law No. 27/2016 Governing Matrimonial Regimes, Donations and Successions, Arts. 3-8 (2).