Latest items for AFE-LAW-1
March 18, 2023, 10:20 p.m.
Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Ethiopia’s Overseas Employment Proclamation No. 923/2016 is enacted with the aim to protect the rights, safety and dignity of Ethiopians who take-up overseas employment. The Proclamation requires citizens wishing to take up oversees employment to complete eighth grade education and secure occupational competence certificate. It also provides for the provision of pre-employment and pre-departure training pertinent to the job they will take and the conditions of the receiving country" (11). If females are able to do this, it means they have the right to education (MV-coder comment). "The Higher Education Proclamation No. 650/2009 provides for the obligation of higher educational institutions to increase the proportion of women in senior positions...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Ethiopia’s Overseas Employment Proclamation No. 923/2016 is enacted with the aim to protect the rights, safety and dignity of Ethiopians who take-up overseas employment. The Proclamation requires citizens wishing to take up oversees employment to complete eighth grade education and secure occupational competence certificate. It also provides for the provision of pre-employment and pre-departure training pertinent to the job they will take and the conditions of the receiving country" (11). If females are able to do this, it means they have the right to education (MV-coder comment). "The Higher Education Proclamation No. 650/2009 provides for the obligation of higher educational institutions to increase the proportion of women in senior positions...more
March 16, 2023, 3:32 a.m.
Countries: Bulgaria
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-1, AFE-PRACTICE-2, AFE-LAW-1
“Above all, women are less likely than men to consider going into business for themselves, and those who do establish a company are more likely to fail than men (see Section 3.2). Currently, only 6 per cent of the overall population of Bulgarian women manage or own their own company. Women, even though they are more highly educated than men, believe that they do not possess the necessary skills to become an entrepreneur (70 per cent), compared with only 64 per cent of men who were interviewed. Women also tend to view entrepreneurship as an inappropriate role for women (34 per cent), contrasting with only 17 per cent of men...more
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-1, AFE-PRACTICE-2, AFE-LAW-1
“Above all, women are less likely than men to consider going into business for themselves, and those who do establish a company are more likely to fail than men (see Section 3.2). Currently, only 6 per cent of the overall population of Bulgarian women manage or own their own company. Women, even though they are more highly educated than men, believe that they do not possess the necessary skills to become an entrepreneur (70 per cent), compared with only 64 per cent of men who were interviewed. Women also tend to view entrepreneurship as an inappropriate role for women (34 per cent), contrasting with only 17 per cent of men...more
Feb. 24, 2023, 12:54 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The Constitution provides separate provision on rights of women and guarantees the following:...Women shall have the right to obtain special opportunity in education, health, employment and social security, on the basis of positive discrimination;" (5). "The Constitution ensures the proportional representation of women in all State bodies, and the right to acquire special opportunity in education, health, employment and social security" (6). "The Constitution guarantees compulsory and free education up to basic level and free education up to secondary level. It ensures, amongst others, the right of children to education from families and the State. Eighth amendment of Education Act, 1971 in 2016 further ensures free education up to secondary...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The Constitution provides separate provision on rights of women and guarantees the following:...Women shall have the right to obtain special opportunity in education, health, employment and social security, on the basis of positive discrimination;" (5). "The Constitution ensures the proportional representation of women in all State bodies, and the right to acquire special opportunity in education, health, employment and social security" (6). "The Constitution guarantees compulsory and free education up to basic level and free education up to secondary level. It ensures, amongst others, the right of children to education from families and the State. Eighth amendment of Education Act, 1971 in 2016 further ensures free education up to secondary...more
Feb. 19, 2023, 1:18 p.m.
Countries: Bulgaria
Variables: DACH-LAW-1, ERBG-PRACTICE-2, ERBG-PRACTICE-3, ERBG-LAW-1, LBHO-PRACTICE-2, LBHO-LAW-1, DV-LAW-1, AFE-LAW-1, DTCP-LAW-1, CONST-LAW-1
“While the law provides women the same legal status and rights as men, women faced some discrimination in economic participation and political empowerment. The law provides for equal opportunities in all spheres of public, economic, and political life; equal access to public resources; equal treatment; exclusion of gender-based discrimination and violence; balanced representation of men and women in all decision-making bodies; and overcoming gender-based stereotypes” (p. 23).
Variables: DACH-LAW-1, ERBG-PRACTICE-2, ERBG-PRACTICE-3, ERBG-LAW-1, LBHO-PRACTICE-2, LBHO-LAW-1, DV-LAW-1, AFE-LAW-1, DTCP-LAW-1, CONST-LAW-1
“While the law provides women the same legal status and rights as men, women faced some discrimination in economic participation and political empowerment. The law provides for equal opportunities in all spheres of public, economic, and political life; equal access to public resources; equal treatment; exclusion of gender-based discrimination and violence; balanced representation of men and women in all decision-making bodies; and overcoming gender-based stereotypes” (p. 23).
Feb. 18, 2023, 9:51 a.m.
Countries: Japan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Presiding Judge Makiko Kamoto criticized the university's unfair treatment as 'irrational and discriminatory,' saying private universities are also obliged to abide by Article 14 of the Constitution, which prohibits discrimination based on gender.Having applicants take entrance examinations while concealing the acceptance criteria 'constitutes illegal behavior as it infringes on the freedom of candidates to choose which university to apply to,' Kamoto said' " (Para.3-4).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Presiding Judge Makiko Kamoto criticized the university's unfair treatment as 'irrational and discriminatory,' saying private universities are also obliged to abide by Article 14 of the Constitution, which prohibits discrimination based on gender.Having applicants take entrance examinations while concealing the acceptance criteria 'constitutes illegal behavior as it infringes on the freedom of candidates to choose which university to apply to,' Kamoto said' " (Para.3-4).
Feb. 13, 2023, 11:08 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"In recent weeks, a number of religious scholars with links to the Taliban have issued fatwas, or religious decrees supporting girls' right to learn" (Para.17). "Sheikh Rahimullah Haqqani is an Afghan cleric, based largely across the border in Peshawar, Pakistan...He's careful not to criticise the continued closure of schools but, speaking at his madrassa in Peshawar, with his mobile phone in hand, scrolls through the text of his 'fatwa', which shares decrees from earlier scholars and accounts from the life of the Prophet Muhammad. 'There is no justification in the sharia [law] to say female education is not allowed. No justification at all,' he tells the BBC. 'All the religious...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"In recent weeks, a number of religious scholars with links to the Taliban have issued fatwas, or religious decrees supporting girls' right to learn" (Para.17). "Sheikh Rahimullah Haqqani is an Afghan cleric, based largely across the border in Peshawar, Pakistan...He's careful not to criticise the continued closure of schools but, speaking at his madrassa in Peshawar, with his mobile phone in hand, scrolls through the text of his 'fatwa', which shares decrees from earlier scholars and accounts from the life of the Prophet Muhammad. 'There is no justification in the sharia [law] to say female education is not allowed. No justification at all,' he tells the BBC. 'All the religious...more
Feb. 13, 2023, 11:07 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"In recent weeks, a number of religious scholars with links to the Taliban have issued fatwas, or religious decrees supporting girls' right to learn" (Para.17). "Sheikh Rahimullah Haqqani is an Afghan cleric, based largely across the border in Peshawar, Pakistan...He's careful not to criticise the continued closure of schools but, speaking at his madrassa in Peshawar, with his mobile phone in hand, scrolls through the text of his 'fatwa', which shares decrees from earlier scholars and accounts from the life of the Prophet Muhammad. 'There is no justification in the sharia [law] to say female education is not allowed. No justification at all,' he tells the BBC. 'All the religious...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"In recent weeks, a number of religious scholars with links to the Taliban have issued fatwas, or religious decrees supporting girls' right to learn" (Para.17). "Sheikh Rahimullah Haqqani is an Afghan cleric, based largely across the border in Peshawar, Pakistan...He's careful not to criticise the continued closure of schools but, speaking at his madrassa in Peshawar, with his mobile phone in hand, scrolls through the text of his 'fatwa', which shares decrees from earlier scholars and accounts from the life of the Prophet Muhammad. 'There is no justification in the sharia [law] to say female education is not allowed. No justification at all,' he tells the BBC. 'All the religious...more
Feb. 13, 2023, 10:57 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Girls have pretty much been unable to attend secondary school in Afghanistan since the Taliban took power nine months ago."(Para.1) "[C]leric Jalilullah Akhundzada, head of the Dar al-Uloom seminary in the western Afghan city of Herat, who issued a fatwa, or religious ruling, in support of girls' education in March. Akhunzada was not available to speak to NPR, but his son, known as Mualana Muhibullah, said his father's fatwa was an 'expression of truth and reality which needed to be told,'he said. 'Girls and women should have the right to educate and be educated, but by preserving the conditions needed for a Muslim girl,' he said, referring to strict gender...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Girls have pretty much been unable to attend secondary school in Afghanistan since the Taliban took power nine months ago."(Para.1) "[C]leric Jalilullah Akhundzada, head of the Dar al-Uloom seminary in the western Afghan city of Herat, who issued a fatwa, or religious ruling, in support of girls' education in March. Akhunzada was not available to speak to NPR, but his son, known as Mualana Muhibullah, said his father's fatwa was an 'expression of truth and reality which needed to be told,'he said. 'Girls and women should have the right to educate and be educated, but by preserving the conditions needed for a Muslim girl,' he said, referring to strict gender...more
Feb. 4, 2023, 6:14 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The state party continues to prioritise the education sector. Over 195 994 learners in secondary school, grades 8-12 were taught career guidance related topics in Life Skills in 2015. In 2016 this number was 200,695 with 48% being female and in 2017 the number increased to 202,252 with 52% being female. The Life Skills curriculum has been reviewed and implementation of the Junior Secondary curriculum commenced in 2017." (13)(NF - CODER COMMENT - The role of government in the education sector and their attempts to increase enrollment of women and girls implies the women do have the legal right to education, but there may be barriers that are preventing their...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The state party continues to prioritise the education sector. Over 195 994 learners in secondary school, grades 8-12 were taught career guidance related topics in Life Skills in 2015. In 2016 this number was 200,695 with 48% being female and in 2017 the number increased to 202,252 with 52% being female. The Life Skills curriculum has been reviewed and implementation of the Junior Secondary curriculum commenced in 2017." (13)(NF - CODER COMMENT - The role of government in the education sector and their attempts to increase enrollment of women and girls implies the women do have the legal right to education, but there may be barriers that are preventing their...more
Jan. 7, 2023, 11:15 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Inside a small room in a house on Kabul's outskirts, about ten teenage girls are defying their Taliban rulers who have banned them from attending secondary school" (para 1). "It's been nearly a year since the Taliban seized power and stopped some 850,000 Afghan girls from attending secondary school, according to UNICEF figures. The regime had promised to allow girls to return on March 23. But it appears a minority of senior hardliners had a change of heart. Teenage girls arrived to their old classrooms only to be sent home again, many in tears" (para 4). "While some governments may let poor girls fall through the cracks of the school...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Inside a small room in a house on Kabul's outskirts, about ten teenage girls are defying their Taliban rulers who have banned them from attending secondary school" (para 1). "It's been nearly a year since the Taliban seized power and stopped some 850,000 Afghan girls from attending secondary school, according to UNICEF figures. The regime had promised to allow girls to return on March 23. But it appears a minority of senior hardliners had a change of heart. Teenage girls arrived to their old classrooms only to be sent home again, many in tears" (para 4). "While some governments may let poor girls fall through the cracks of the school...more
Dec. 8, 2022, 3:20 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-3, AFE-LAW-1
"Meanwhile, older girls above 13 years old have also yet to be allowed back to schools and colleges - a policy which directly contradicts promises made by Taliban leaders last year that all girls would have the right to an education" (para 21).
Variables: AFE-PRACTICE-3, AFE-LAW-1
"Meanwhile, older girls above 13 years old have also yet to be allowed back to schools and colleges - a policy which directly contradicts promises made by Taliban leaders last year that all girls would have the right to an education" (para 21).
Sept. 3, 2022, 8:34 p.m.
Countries: Tanzania
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Since taking office, Ms. Hassan has set off on a different path than her predecessor: She encouraged Covid vaccinations by publicly taking the shot herself, lifted a ban on pregnant girls in schools and began to amend some Magufuli-era economic regulations to lure back investors." (4)
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Since taking office, Ms. Hassan has set off on a different path than her predecessor: She encouraged Covid vaccinations by publicly taking the shot herself, lifted a ban on pregnant girls in schools and began to amend some Magufuli-era economic regulations to lure back investors." (4)
June 14, 2022, 5:24 p.m.
Countries: Denmark
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"In the educational sector, the overall precondition is equality – regardless of gender and ethnic origin. All educational opportunities are available and free of charge for all citizens. It follows from the Act on Gender Equality that the educational sector has a special obligation to promote gender equality, for example by being aware of differences in boys’ and girls’ needs, resources and behaviour in order to assess which efforts are needed to give them the same opportunities. Focus must be on competencies instead of gender, so that the potential of the students’ total talent are optimally utilized" (18). "In the Faroe Islands, girls, boys, women and men continue to enjoy...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"In the educational sector, the overall precondition is equality – regardless of gender and ethnic origin. All educational opportunities are available and free of charge for all citizens. It follows from the Act on Gender Equality that the educational sector has a special obligation to promote gender equality, for example by being aware of differences in boys’ and girls’ needs, resources and behaviour in order to assess which efforts are needed to give them the same opportunities. Focus must be on competencies instead of gender, so that the potential of the students’ total talent are optimally utilized" (18). "In the Faroe Islands, girls, boys, women and men continue to enjoy...more
June 7, 2022, 10:47 a.m.
Countries: China
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Compulsory Education, extensively amended in June 2006, began in September 2006. The law sets out goals and measures in relation to the promotion of balanced development in compulsory education, and creates more reliable mechanisms for government financial support for compulsory education, thus providing a solid legal basis for ensuring equal access to education for girls, especially those in rural areas, ethnic minority areas, and economically disadvantaged families and girls with disabilities" (7). "The State implements a system of nine years of compulsory education. Compulsory education means education which is uniformly provided by the State and which all the...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Compulsory Education, extensively amended in June 2006, began in September 2006. The law sets out goals and measures in relation to the promotion of balanced development in compulsory education, and creates more reliable mechanisms for government financial support for compulsory education, thus providing a solid legal basis for ensuring equal access to education for girls, especially those in rural areas, ethnic minority areas, and economically disadvantaged families and girls with disabilities" (7). "The State implements a system of nine years of compulsory education. Compulsory education means education which is uniformly provided by the State and which all the...more
May 27, 2022, 4:14 p.m.
Countries: Turkey
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Equality of women and men was recognized and discrimination on any ground was prohibited in... the Basic Law of National Education (Law no. 1739)" (2).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Equality of women and men was recognized and discrimination on any ground was prohibited in... the Basic Law of National Education (Law no. 1739)" (2).
May 16, 2022, 8:09 p.m.
Countries: Suriname
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The Integral Gender Action Plans 2000 2005; 2006 2010 and the Gender Work Plan 2013 are based on the programmes of action of the MDG’s, ICPD, CEDAW, the Bel m do Par Convention, BPFA, Government Statements 2005 2010, 2010, 2016, National Government Programmes for corresponding periods and on the evaluation of the implementation of former Plans of Action. Priorities as formulated in the Integral Gender Action Plans involve institutional arrangements, poverty, economy and the labour market, voice and decision making, violence against women, education, health, media and environment. It provides a framework for implementing initiatives and actions under these priority areas by various key institutions/players at governmental and civil society...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The Integral Gender Action Plans 2000 2005; 2006 2010 and the Gender Work Plan 2013 are based on the programmes of action of the MDG’s, ICPD, CEDAW, the Bel m do Par Convention, BPFA, Government Statements 2005 2010, 2010, 2016, National Government Programmes for corresponding periods and on the evaluation of the implementation of former Plans of Action. Priorities as formulated in the Integral Gender Action Plans involve institutional arrangements, poverty, economy and the labour market, voice and decision making, violence against women, education, health, media and environment. It provides a framework for implementing initiatives and actions under these priority areas by various key institutions/players at governmental and civil society...more
April 18, 2022, 10:31 a.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
The Committee welcomes the progress achieved since the consideration in 2007 of the State party’s second report in undertaking legislative reforms, in particular the adoption or establishment of the ...Act on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of the Child (No. 7/2008), which prohibits the non-admission of children to schools based on their gender" (1-2). "The Committee is concerned that the definitions of equality and non discrimination in articles 35 and 36 of the Constitution fail to encompass all forms of discrimination against women in line with article 1 of the Convention" (3).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
The Committee welcomes the progress achieved since the consideration in 2007 of the State party’s second report in undertaking legislative reforms, in particular the adoption or establishment of the ...Act on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of the Child (No. 7/2008), which prohibits the non-admission of children to schools based on their gender" (1-2). "The Committee is concerned that the definitions of equality and non discrimination in articles 35 and 36 of the Constitution fail to encompass all forms of discrimination against women in line with article 1 of the Convention" (3).
March 25, 2022, 8:54 p.m.
Countries: United Arab Emirates
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"While education is equally accessible, federal law prohibits coeducation in public universities, except in the United Arab Emirates University’s Executive MBA program and in certain graduate programs at Zayed University..." (29). "Education is compulsory through the ninth grade; however, the law was not enforced, and some children did not attend school, especially children of noncitizens. The government provided free primary education only to citizens. Noncitizen children could enroll in public schools only if they scored more than 90 percent on entrance examinations, which authorities administered only in Arabic. In September 2018 the Ministry of Education made all public schools coeducational from the first to fifth grades, starting with that year’s...more
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"While education is equally accessible, federal law prohibits coeducation in public universities, except in the United Arab Emirates University’s Executive MBA program and in certain graduate programs at Zayed University..." (29). "Education is compulsory through the ninth grade; however, the law was not enforced, and some children did not attend school, especially children of noncitizens. The government provided free primary education only to citizens. Noncitizen children could enroll in public schools only if they scored more than 90 percent on entrance examinations, which authorities administered only in Arabic. In September 2018 the Ministry of Education made all public schools coeducational from the first to fifth grades, starting with that year’s...more
March 21, 2022, 3:27 p.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The 2009 Law on Fundamentals of Education which contains provisions against discrimination, including discrimination based on gender" (2).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The 2009 Law on Fundamentals of Education which contains provisions against discrimination, including discrimination based on gender" (2).
March 11, 2022, 9:21 p.m.
Countries: Iceland
Variables: DACH-LAW-1, ERBG-LAW-2, LBHO-PRACTICE-1, AFE-LAW-1
"For the past 11 years Iceland has led the World Economic Forum’s Gender Gap Index, earning the country the label of “the best place in the world to be a woman.” Iceland has some of the world’s strongest laws on workplace equality and equal pay, as well as high outcomes for women in issues of health, education, economic opportunity, and political representation" (Para. 1).
Variables: DACH-LAW-1, ERBG-LAW-2, LBHO-PRACTICE-1, AFE-LAW-1
"For the past 11 years Iceland has led the World Economic Forum’s Gender Gap Index, earning the country the label of “the best place in the world to be a woman.” Iceland has some of the world’s strongest laws on workplace equality and equal pay, as well as high outcomes for women in issues of health, education, economic opportunity, and political representation" (Para. 1).
March 4, 2022, 6:57 p.m.
Countries: Fiji
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Education is compulsory until age 15, but the law does not provide for free education. The government nonetheless as a matter of policy provides for free education" (16).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Education is compulsory until age 15, but the law does not provide for free education. The government nonetheless as a matter of policy provides for free education" (16).
Feb. 11, 2022, 5 p.m.
Countries: Thailand
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"An NCPO order provides that all children receive free 'quality education for 15 years, from preschool to the completion of compulsory education,' which is defined as through grade 12" (34).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"An NCPO order provides that all children receive free 'quality education for 15 years, from preschool to the completion of compulsory education,' which is defined as through grade 12" (34).
Feb. 5, 2022, 9:24 a.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"By law education is compulsory, universal, and free of tuition through primary school and grades seven through nine of secondary school. Nevertheless, school costs for supplies and uniforms remained beyond the means of many families, especially in rural areas. According to the Millennium Development Goals Report, only 52 percent of children complete primary school education" (16-17).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"By law education is compulsory, universal, and free of tuition through primary school and grades seven through nine of secondary school. Nevertheless, school costs for supplies and uniforms remained beyond the means of many families, especially in rural areas. According to the Millennium Development Goals Report, only 52 percent of children complete primary school education" (16-17).
Jan. 24, 2022, 1:07 p.m.
Countries: India
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The constitution provides free education for all children from ages six to 14, with a compulsory education age up through age 15, but the government did not always comply with this requirement" (48).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The constitution provides free education for all children from ages six to 14, with a compulsory education age up through age 15, but the government did not always comply with this requirement" (48).
Jan. 21, 2022, 9:22 p.m.
Countries: Mauritania
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The law mandates six years of school attendance for all children, but the law was not effectively enforced" (17).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The law mandates six years of school attendance for all children, but the law was not effectively enforced" (17).
Jan. 14, 2022, 6:24 p.m.
Countries: Dominican Republic
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The constitution stipulates free, compulsory, and universal public education through age 18" (19).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"The constitution stipulates free, compulsory, and universal public education through age 18" (19).
Jan. 10, 2022, 10:08 a.m.
Countries: Philippines
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Education is free and compulsory through age 18, but the quality of education was often poor and access difficult, especially in rural areas where substandard infrastructure makes traveling to school challenging. Supplemental costs, for supplies or uniforms, can in some cases be a barrier to students from poor families. The Department of Education prioritized improving resources at and access to the most isolated schools, to include increasing the budget during the year for schools in the BARMM, the region with the lowest rate of school attendance" (28).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Education is free and compulsory through age 18, but the quality of education was often poor and access difficult, especially in rural areas where substandard infrastructure makes traveling to school challenging. Supplemental costs, for supplies or uniforms, can in some cases be a barrier to students from poor families. The Department of Education prioritized improving resources at and access to the most isolated schools, to include increasing the budget during the year for schools in the BARMM, the region with the lowest rate of school attendance" (28).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Females have the legal right to education just as much as males" (1).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Females have the legal right to education just as much as males" (1).
Dec. 17, 2021, 6:27 p.m.
Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Primary schooling is obligatory, free, and open to all. Education was thus ostensibly free and compulsory for children ages six to 16, but families generally reported being asked to pay school fees" (20).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Primary schooling is obligatory, free, and open to all. Education was thus ostensibly free and compulsory for children ages six to 16, but families generally reported being asked to pay school fees" (20).
Nov. 30, 2021, 2:33 p.m.
Countries: Israel
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Primary and secondary education is free and universal through age 17 and compulsory through grade 12" (37).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1
"Primary and secondary education is free and universal through age 17 and compulsory through grade 12" (37).