Latest items for AOM-PRACTICE-1
March 8, 2023, 1:43 p.m.
Countries: Montenegro
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In 2017, in order to enhance the protection of children from violence, the Ministry of the Interior (MoI) was supported by UNICEF to adopt the Guidelines for the actions of competent institutions in cases of recognition and prosecution of child marriages and extramarital unions, with clearly defined operational procedures" (9). "According to the CRI, the competent authorities initiated proceedings against parents who arranged early child marriages only in cases where the perpetrators in the proceedings admitted committing this criminal offense, that is when they admitted that they had received money for concluding a child contracted marriage. The reason behind this practice is reflected in the lack of legal grounds for...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In 2017, in order to enhance the protection of children from violence, the Ministry of the Interior (MoI) was supported by UNICEF to adopt the Guidelines for the actions of competent institutions in cases of recognition and prosecution of child marriages and extramarital unions, with clearly defined operational procedures" (9). "According to the CRI, the competent authorities initiated proceedings against parents who arranged early child marriages only in cases where the perpetrators in the proceedings admitted committing this criminal offense, that is when they admitted that they had received money for concluding a child contracted marriage. The reason behind this practice is reflected in the lack of legal grounds for...more
Feb. 24, 2023, 12:54 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Due to legal, policy and programmatic interventions against child marriage and other harmful traditional practices against girl child, the practice of child marriage has been gradually decreasing. One such initiative is that nearly 1,000 village level committees are active in 59 districts along with vigilance committees at ward level to support girls and families having threats of child marriage, resolve the issues in the community or refer them to district level enforcement authorities. 75 new positions (22 Child Protection Officers and 53 Child Protection Inspectors) have been created and deployed in all 75 districts for protecting children from all forms of harmful traditional practices." (7). "Positive activism manifested by the...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Due to legal, policy and programmatic interventions against child marriage and other harmful traditional practices against girl child, the practice of child marriage has been gradually decreasing. One such initiative is that nearly 1,000 village level committees are active in 59 districts along with vigilance committees at ward level to support girls and families having threats of child marriage, resolve the issues in the community or refer them to district level enforcement authorities. 75 new positions (22 Child Protection Officers and 53 Child Protection Inspectors) have been created and deployed in all 75 districts for protecting children from all forms of harmful traditional practices." (7). "Positive activism manifested by the...more
Feb. 18, 2023, 10:28 a.m.
Countries: Chad
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Chad has world’s highest child marriage rate. Critics say the law will be used to penalise under-age girls who are frequently forced into marriage with older men in the central African country" (Para.6). "Chad, which is in the middle of the Sahara Desert, has the highest rate of child marriage in the world – 70 per cent of girls are married before they are 18, according to Unicef. Around 30 per cent of girls are married before they turn 15. This is despite a law that was passed in 2015 to criminalise child marriages. The ruling also contravenes the constitution which states that Chad is a secular country" (Para.7-8).more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Chad has world’s highest child marriage rate. Critics say the law will be used to penalise under-age girls who are frequently forced into marriage with older men in the central African country" (Para.6). "Chad, which is in the middle of the Sahara Desert, has the highest rate of child marriage in the world – 70 per cent of girls are married before they are 18, according to Unicef. Around 30 per cent of girls are married before they turn 15. This is despite a law that was passed in 2015 to criminalise child marriages. The ruling also contravenes the constitution which states that Chad is a secular country" (Para.7-8).more
Feb. 6, 2023, 12:07 p.m.
Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee [on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women] notes with concern...[t]hat the prevalence of...child marriage...remains high, especially in rural areas, despite [its] criminialization under articles 175, 177, and 178 of the Criminal Code" (16).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee [on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women] notes with concern...[t]hat the prevalence of...child marriage...remains high, especially in rural areas, despite [its] criminialization under articles 175, 177, and 178 of the Criminal Code" (16).
Feb. 4, 2023, 6:14 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare conducted a study on child marriage in Namibia. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent and nature of the state of child marriages in Namibia and to inform the relevant authorities to make informed decisions. The state party through the Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare in collaboration with relevant stakeholders in all 14 regions continues to carry out awareness on the impact of negative cultural practices as well as to encourage community members to report cases of child marriage." (12). "These marital age restrictions serve as a safeguard against early child marriages which may have a detrimental...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare conducted a study on child marriage in Namibia. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent and nature of the state of child marriages in Namibia and to inform the relevant authorities to make informed decisions. The state party through the Ministry of Gender Equality and Child Welfare in collaboration with relevant stakeholders in all 14 regions continues to carry out awareness on the impact of negative cultural practices as well as to encourage community members to report cases of child marriage." (12). "These marital age restrictions serve as a safeguard against early child marriages which may have a detrimental...more
Jan. 12, 2023, 9:59 p.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1, AOM-PRACTICE-1, NGOFW-DATA-2
"Since 2019, the Spotlight Initiative, a global initiative of the United Nations funded by the European Union, has been supporting the approval and implementation of Mozambican laws that protect women and girls from gender-based violence and harmful practices, such as early marriages" (para 5).
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-1, AOM-PRACTICE-1, NGOFW-DATA-2
"Since 2019, the Spotlight Initiative, a global initiative of the United Nations funded by the European Union, has been supporting the approval and implementation of Mozambican laws that protect women and girls from gender-based violence and harmful practices, such as early marriages" (para 5).
Jan. 6, 2023, 5:48 p.m.
Countries: Iran
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"A child bride who killed the man she was forced to marry when she was 15 is among three women executed in Iran for murdering their husbands this week" (para 1).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"A child bride who killed the man she was forced to marry when she was 15 is among three women executed in Iran for murdering their husbands this week" (para 1).
Dec. 29, 2022, 1:04 p.m.
Countries: Japan
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"'You should get married as soon as possible,' several shouted as Shiomura, who went on to represent an upper house constituency, spoke, before asking if she was incapable of having children" (para 17).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"'You should get married as soon as possible,' several shouted as Shiomura, who went on to represent an upper house constituency, spoke, before asking if she was incapable of having children" (para 17).
Dec. 26, 2022, 4:41 p.m.
Countries: Nigeria
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Through an ancient tradition known as the 'money marriage' or 'Okeh Ingolis', the Becheve tribe in Cross River State, Nigeria is now infamous for forcing young girls into early marriages. It is a tribe that spreads across 17 communities mostly on the border between Cross River State and Cameroon Republic" (para 1). "While many of the affected girls as young as age 4 got married to men old enough to be their grandfathers, others were forcefully raped by their new husbands and got pregnant before becoming teenagers" (para 5). "For Beatrice Okumo, she was sold to her parents’ creditor after they had gotten a badly-needed loan from him to settle...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Through an ancient tradition known as the 'money marriage' or 'Okeh Ingolis', the Becheve tribe in Cross River State, Nigeria is now infamous for forcing young girls into early marriages. It is a tribe that spreads across 17 communities mostly on the border between Cross River State and Cameroon Republic" (para 1). "While many of the affected girls as young as age 4 got married to men old enough to be their grandfathers, others were forcefully raped by their new husbands and got pregnant before becoming teenagers" (para 5). "For Beatrice Okumo, she was sold to her parents’ creditor after they had gotten a badly-needed loan from him to settle...more
Aug. 18, 2022, 4 p.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"People were previously able to get married at 16 or 17 if they had parental consent but ministers wanted to insert a clause clamping down on arranged marriages." (2) "Campaigners claimed the previous law was not strong enough to prevent parents marrying their children off under duress. Leading charity Karma Nirvana had warned children as young as seven risked being married off." (8,9)
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"People were previously able to get married at 16 or 17 if they had parental consent but ministers wanted to insert a clause clamping down on arranged marriages." (2) "Campaigners claimed the previous law was not strong enough to prevent parents marrying their children off under duress. Leading charity Karma Nirvana had warned children as young as seven risked being married off." (8,9)
July 1, 2022, 11:43 a.m.
Countries: East Timor
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"At the request of the Female Parliamentarians of Timor-Leste Group (GMPTL) following the 2016 National Conference on Sexual and Reproductive Rights, the Government, UNFPA and Plan International conducted a research in 2017 to identify the root causes leading to teenage pregnancy and early marriage in the country. It showed that early marriages are generally the cause of teenage pregnancy. Nonetheless, the research also stresses that early marriage is not a positive social norm, suggesting that this issue could be addressed through sexual education48 and access to family planning for youth" (12).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"At the request of the Female Parliamentarians of Timor-Leste Group (GMPTL) following the 2016 National Conference on Sexual and Reproductive Rights, the Government, UNFPA and Plan International conducted a research in 2017 to identify the root causes leading to teenage pregnancy and early marriage in the country. It showed that early marriages are generally the cause of teenage pregnancy. Nonetheless, the research also stresses that early marriage is not a positive social norm, suggesting that this issue could be addressed through sexual education48 and access to family planning for youth" (12).
June 28, 2022, 2:56 p.m.
Countries: Bangladesh
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Marriage occurs early for women in Bangladesh. Seventy-one percent of women age 20-49 were married by age 18, and 85% were married by age 20. Nearly one-third (31%) of women age 20-49 reported that they had married by age 15. Among women age 20-24, 59% were married before age 18" (42).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Marriage occurs early for women in Bangladesh. Seventy-one percent of women age 20-49 were married by age 18, and 85% were married by age 20. Nearly one-third (31%) of women age 20-49 reported that they had married by age 15. Among women age 20-24, 59% were married before age 18" (42).
June 7, 2022, 11:16 a.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Republican-proposed bill in Tennessee would remove the age limit for when couple's could exchange wedding vows and clear the way for 'common-law marriages' between 'one man and one woman.' Representative Tom Leatherwood, 65, of Arlington, introduced the bill into the state's House that would eliminate the current age requirement of 17 and allow for 'alternative forms of marriage' to those who 'conscientiously object to the current pathway to marriage. So, all this bill does is give an alternative form of marriage for those pastors and other individuals who have a conscientious objection to the current pathway to marriage in our law,' the Republican father-of-five said, according to WJHL. 'There is...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Republican-proposed bill in Tennessee would remove the age limit for when couple's could exchange wedding vows and clear the way for 'common-law marriages' between 'one man and one woman.' Representative Tom Leatherwood, 65, of Arlington, introduced the bill into the state's House that would eliminate the current age requirement of 17 and allow for 'alternative forms of marriage' to those who 'conscientiously object to the current pathway to marriage. So, all this bill does is give an alternative form of marriage for those pastors and other individuals who have a conscientious objection to the current pathway to marriage in our law,' the Republican father-of-five said, according to WJHL. 'There is...more
May 27, 2022, 11:45 a.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"More than half of Romani girls were married by the age of 18, and one in five was married before the age of 15" (27).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"More than half of Romani girls were married by the age of 18, and one in five was married before the age of 15" (27).
April 5, 2022, 11:51 a.m.
Countries: Belarus
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"There were reports of early marriage in which girls as young as 14 and boys as young as 16 married with parental consent"(29).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"There were reports of early marriage in which girls as young as 14 and boys as young as 16 married with parental consent"(29).
March 19, 2022, 8:53 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Known for its coastlines, mountains and the state that was “first in flight,” North Carolina has also developed a more dubious reputation recently: as a regional destination for adults who want to marry children" (para 1).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Known for its coastlines, mountains and the state that was “first in flight,” North Carolina has also developed a more dubious reputation recently: as a regional destination for adults who want to marry children" (para 1).
March 10, 2022, 10:53 p.m.
Countries: Lebanon
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1, AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Multiple NGOs and UN agencies shared reports of sexual harassment and exploitation of refugees by employers and landlords, including... pressuring families into early marriage for their daughters to relieve economic hardship" (20).
Variables: MARR-PRACTICE-1, AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Multiple NGOs and UN agencies shared reports of sexual harassment and exploitation of refugees by employers and landlords, including... pressuring families into early marriage for their daughters to relieve economic hardship" (20).
March 9, 2022, 8:57 a.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"As for Roma girls, it is to be taken into account that the schooling rate reduces from the age of 13–14, due to various reasons, including early marriages and early motherhood" (59). The phenomenon of postponing the age of marriage, and of having children increases the number of families where children are present simultaneously with the elderly so that the couple has to work harder" (98).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"As for Roma girls, it is to be taken into account that the schooling rate reduces from the age of 13–14, due to various reasons, including early marriages and early motherhood" (59). The phenomenon of postponing the age of marriage, and of having children increases the number of families where children are present simultaneously with the elderly so that the couple has to work harder" (98).
March 4, 2022, 6:57 p.m.
Countries: Fiji
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-3, AOM-PRACTICE-1, AOM-LAW-1
"The legal minimum age for marriage is 18. Some NGOs reported that, especially in rural areas, girls often married at or before age 18, preventing them from completing their secondary-school education. In indigenous villages, girls younger than age 18 who became pregnant could live as common-law wives with their child’s father after the man presented a traditional apology to the girl’s family, thereby avoiding the filing of a complaint to police by the family. The girls frequently married the fathers as soon as legally permissible" (17).
Variables: LRW-PRACTICE-3, AOM-PRACTICE-1, AOM-LAW-1
"The legal minimum age for marriage is 18. Some NGOs reported that, especially in rural areas, girls often married at or before age 18, preventing them from completing their secondary-school education. In indigenous villages, girls younger than age 18 who became pregnant could live as common-law wives with their child’s father after the man presented a traditional apology to the girl’s family, thereby avoiding the filing of a complaint to police by the family. The girls frequently married the fathers as soon as legally permissible" (17).
Feb. 11, 2022, 5:23 p.m.
Countries: Romania
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Media outlets and NGOs reported cases of Romani girls as young as 11 being sold into marriage by their families" (24).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"Media outlets and NGOs reported cases of Romani girls as young as 11 being sold into marriage by their families" (24).
Feb. 11, 2022, 5 p.m.
Countries: Thailand
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In the Muslim-majority southernmost provinces, Islamic law used for family matters and inheritance allows the marriage of young girls after their first menstrual cycle with parental approval" (35).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In the Muslim-majority southernmost provinces, Islamic law used for family matters and inheritance allows the marriage of young girls after their first menstrual cycle with parental approval" (35).
Feb. 2, 2022, 12:28 p.m.
Countries: Madagascar
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The legal age for marriage without parental consent is 18 for both sexes. Nevertheless, child marriage remained very common, particularly in rural areas and in the South. The practice of moletry, in which girls are married at a young age in exchange for oxen received as a dowry, reportedly continued. The parents of a boy (approximately age 15) look for a spouse for their son (girls may be as young as 12), after which the parents of both children organize the wedding" (22).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The legal age for marriage without parental consent is 18 for both sexes. Nevertheless, child marriage remained very common, particularly in rural areas and in the South. The practice of moletry, in which girls are married at a young age in exchange for oxen received as a dowry, reportedly continued. The parents of a boy (approximately age 15) look for a spouse for their son (girls may be as young as 12), after which the parents of both children organize the wedding" (22).
Jan. 13, 2022, 10:29 a.m.
Countries: Kenya
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In January[2019], following a tip from a neighborhood watch initiative, police and NGO workers rescued a 12-year-old girl in Kajiado who had been forced to marry a 35-year-old man. Police arrested and charged the victim’s mother and the mother’s partner with submitting a child to a sexual act, child marriage, and child rape"(40).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In January[2019], following a tip from a neighborhood watch initiative, police and NGO workers rescued a 12-year-old girl in Kajiado who had been forced to marry a 35-year-old man. Police arrested and charged the victim’s mother and the mother’s partner with submitting a child to a sexual act, child marriage, and child rape"(40).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In some parts of Somalia, a young girl can get married as young as when she reaches puberty" (1).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In some parts of Somalia, a young girl can get married as young as when she reaches puberty" (1).
Nov. 11, 2021, 11:34 a.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"There were no reported cases of forced marriage"(22).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"There were no reported cases of forced marriage"(22).
Nov. 9, 2021, 11:34 a.m.
Countries: Turkey
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"NGOs reported children as young as 12 married in unofficial religious ceremonies, particularly in poor and rural regions and among the Syrian population living in the country" (57).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"NGOs reported children as young as 12 married in unofficial religious ceremonies, particularly in poor and rural regions and among the Syrian population living in the country" (57).
Nov. 8, 2021, 2:18 p.m.
Countries: Spain
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The minimum age of marriage is 16 years for minors’ living on their own. Underage marriage is not uncommon in the Romani community. In 2018 Catalan police assisted 14 victims of forced marriage, four of whom were minors" (17).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"The minimum age of marriage is 16 years for minors’ living on their own. Underage marriage is not uncommon in the Romani community. In 2018 Catalan police assisted 14 victims of forced marriage, four of whom were minors" (17).
Nov. 3, 2021, 9:41 a.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1, AOM-LAW-1
"The minimum age for marriage is 18. A court may grant a child as young as 16 permission to marry if it finds marriage to be in the child’s interest. Romani rights groups reported early marriages involving girls younger than 18 were common in the Romani community" (45).
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1, AOM-LAW-1
"The minimum age for marriage is 18. A court may grant a child as young as 16 permission to marry if it finds marriage to be in the child’s interest. Romani rights groups reported early marriages involving girls younger than 18 were common in the Romani community" (45).
Nov. 3, 2021, 9:32 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In June 2013, the Afghan Parliament considered and rejected a measure that would have made it illegal for men to marry girls under the age of 16. Opponents believed the measure went against Islamic principles" (12). "The traditions which lead to child or forced marriages such as BAAD (giving girls as blood price), BADAL (marriage of one boy and one girl with another girl and boy from the other family respectively) and exchange of girls for money, properties, land or loans do exist in the country" (13). "Afghanistan Human Development Report (2007) shows in many marriages, the girls are under 16 to 6 years old and some of the marriages...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1
"In June 2013, the Afghan Parliament considered and rejected a measure that would have made it illegal for men to marry girls under the age of 16. Opponents believed the measure went against Islamic principles" (12). "The traditions which lead to child or forced marriages such as BAAD (giving girls as blood price), BADAL (marriage of one boy and one girl with another girl and boy from the other family respectively) and exchange of girls for money, properties, land or loans do exist in the country" (13). "Afghanistan Human Development Report (2007) shows in many marriages, the girls are under 16 to 6 years old and some of the marriages...more
Sept. 29, 2021, 9:33 a.m.
Countries: Mali
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1, AOM-LAW-1, AOM-DATA-2
"The minimum age to marry without parental consent is 16 for girls and 18 for boys. A 15-year-old girl may marry with parental consent if a civil judge approves. Authorities did not effectively enforce the law, particularly in rural areas, and underage marriage was a problem throughout the country. Girls were also taken as ‘wives’ for combatants and leaders of armed groups. According to 2017 data from the UN Population Fund, 52 percent of women were married by the age of 18 and 17 percent before the age of 15. In some regions of the country, especially Kayes and Koulikoro, girls married as young as 10. It was common practice...more
Variables: AOM-PRACTICE-1, AOM-LAW-1, AOM-DATA-2
"The minimum age to marry without parental consent is 16 for girls and 18 for boys. A 15-year-old girl may marry with parental consent if a civil judge approves. Authorities did not effectively enforce the law, particularly in rural areas, and underage marriage was a problem throughout the country. Girls were also taken as ‘wives’ for combatants and leaders of armed groups. According to 2017 data from the UN Population Fund, 52 percent of women were married by the age of 18 and 17 percent before the age of 15. In some regions of the country, especially Kayes and Koulikoro, girls married as young as 10. It was common practice...more