Latest items for CONST-LAW-1
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:17 p.m.
Countries: Senegal
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the 2001 Constitution of Senegal provides that the country rejects and eliminates all forms of injustice, inequalities, and discrimination” (67). “Article 1 then builds on the Preamble to provide for non-discrimination on the basis of, sex amongst others. Article 7 further provides that both men and women are equal and that the law promotes the equal access of men and women to mandates and functions. Article 1 of the 2001 Constitution provides that Senegal is a secular State. Article 25-3 further provides that family matters are regulated by civil law. Family law in the country is mainly covered by the 1972 Family Code which was adopted with...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the 2001 Constitution of Senegal provides that the country rejects and eliminates all forms of injustice, inequalities, and discrimination” (67). “Article 1 then builds on the Preamble to provide for non-discrimination on the basis of, sex amongst others. Article 7 further provides that both men and women are equal and that the law promotes the equal access of men and women to mandates and functions. Article 1 of the 2001 Constitution provides that Senegal is a secular State. Article 25-3 further provides that family matters are regulated by civil law. Family law in the country is mainly covered by the 1972 Family Code which was adopted with...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:15 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of Algeria protects the family, while focusing on the best interests of the child, including their education and their protection from violence and exploitation.39 Moreover, Article 85 provides for the rights and freedoms to be exercised in line with the Constitution and in particular, the protection of the family, amongst others. The Preamble also provides for the protection of Algerian people against all forms of discrimination and recognises the need for both men and women to participate in institutions for the achievement of equality. The Constitution protects non-discrimination on the basis of sex or gender and its Article 40 focuses on the protection of women ‘from all forms...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of Algeria protects the family, while focusing on the best interests of the child, including their education and their protection from violence and exploitation.39 Moreover, Article 85 provides for the rights and freedoms to be exercised in line with the Constitution and in particular, the protection of the family, amongst others. The Preamble also provides for the protection of Algerian people against all forms of discrimination and recognises the need for both men and women to participate in institutions for the achievement of equality. The Constitution protects non-discrimination on the basis of sex or gender and its Article 40 focuses on the protection of women ‘from all forms...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:13 p.m.
Countries: Burundi
Variables: MARR-LAW-4, CONST-LAW-1
“Article 13 of the Constitution of Burundi provides that ‘All Burundian people are equal in merit and in dignity. All citizens enjoy the same rights and have the same protection of the law’. No Burundian will be excluded from the social, political, or economic life due to sex, amongst others. The government of Burundi is tasked to ‘guarantee to all the option to live in Burundi sheltered from’, amongst others, discrimination. All citizens are equal before the law and there should be no discrimination based on, amongst others, sex. Article 28 recognises the respect of family life and Article 30 recognises the family as the ‘natural base cell of society’....more
Variables: MARR-LAW-4, CONST-LAW-1
“Article 13 of the Constitution of Burundi provides that ‘All Burundian people are equal in merit and in dignity. All citizens enjoy the same rights and have the same protection of the law’. No Burundian will be excluded from the social, political, or economic life due to sex, amongst others. The government of Burundi is tasked to ‘guarantee to all the option to live in Burundi sheltered from’, amongst others, discrimination. All citizens are equal before the law and there should be no discrimination based on, amongst others, sex. Article 28 recognises the respect of family life and Article 30 recognises the family as the ‘natural base cell of society’....more
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:11 p.m.
Countries: Tunisia
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The 2022 Constitution of Tunisia recognises the equality of rights and duties between male and female citizens before the law without any discrimination. Tunisia is an Islamic State as per the introduction of the Constitution. Article 5 further provides that “Tunisia is part of the Islamic nation, and the state alone must, under a democratic system, work to achieve the objectives of Islam in preserving life, honor, money, religion and freedom”” (85).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The 2022 Constitution of Tunisia recognises the equality of rights and duties between male and female citizens before the law without any discrimination. Tunisia is an Islamic State as per the introduction of the Constitution. Article 5 further provides that “Tunisia is part of the Islamic nation, and the state alone must, under a democratic system, work to achieve the objectives of Islam in preserving life, honor, money, religion and freedom”” (85).
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
Countries: Gambia
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Gambia is a predominantly Muslim State. As such, over 90% of family law matters are adjudicated in the Cadi or Islamic courts by application of Islamic law. Thus, while the Constitution of The Gambia provides that women are entitled to full and equal dignity of the person, equal treatment, equal opportunities, and protection from discrimination, this is subject to the caveat that the prohibition of unfair discrimination against women does not apply to any law regarding adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death, or other matters of personal law, nor to the application of customary law over persons subject to that law” (82). "In 2017, The Gambia...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Gambia is a predominantly Muslim State. As such, over 90% of family law matters are adjudicated in the Cadi or Islamic courts by application of Islamic law. Thus, while the Constitution of The Gambia provides that women are entitled to full and equal dignity of the person, equal treatment, equal opportunities, and protection from discrimination, this is subject to the caveat that the prohibition of unfair discrimination against women does not apply to any law regarding adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death, or other matters of personal law, nor to the application of customary law over persons subject to that law” (82). "In 2017, The Gambia...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:08 p.m.
Countries: Tanzania
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania establishes that every person is entitled to respect and protection of his family and matrimonial life. The Constitution also entrenches the right to equality and prohibits discrimination on, among others, the ground of sex” (79).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania establishes that every person is entitled to respect and protection of his family and matrimonial life. The Constitution also entrenches the right to equality and prohibits discrimination on, among others, the ground of sex” (79).
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:08 p.m.
Countries: Sudan
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of Sudan makes no mention of the right to family. It does, however, protect women’s rights including the equal right to enjoy all, political,social, cultural, and economic rights. Further, the Constitution obliges the State to work to combat harmful customs and traditions that reduce the dignity and status of women” (77).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of Sudan makes no mention of the right to family. It does, however, protect women’s rights including the equal right to enjoy all, political,social, cultural, and economic rights. Further, the Constitution obliges the State to work to combat harmful customs and traditions that reduce the dignity and status of women” (77).
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:07 p.m.
Countries: South Sudan
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan guarantees every person the right to marry a person of the opposite sex and to found a family according to their respective family laws, provided that no marriage shall be entered into without the free and full consent of the man and woman intending to marry. The Constitution also provides for women’s rights, including full and equal dignity of the person with men, the right to own property and the right to share in the estates of their deceased husbands. The Constitution establishes the State’s obligation to enact laws to combat harmful customs and traditions which undermine the dignity and status of...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan guarantees every person the right to marry a person of the opposite sex and to found a family according to their respective family laws, provided that no marriage shall be entered into without the free and full consent of the man and woman intending to marry. The Constitution also provides for women’s rights, including full and equal dignity of the person with men, the right to own property and the right to share in the estates of their deceased husbands. The Constitution establishes the State’s obligation to enact laws to combat harmful customs and traditions which undermine the dignity and status of...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:04 p.m.
Countries: South Africa
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa makes no mention of the right to family. The Constitution does guarantee the right to equality and protection from unfair discrimination on the grounds of sex, gender,sexual orientation and marital status” (70).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa makes no mention of the right to family. The Constitution does guarantee the right to equality and protection from unfair discrimination on the grounds of sex, gender,sexual orientation and marital status” (70).
Aug. 20, 2026, 2:01 p.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“Article 11(5) of the 2004 Constitution of Mozambique establishes ‘the defence and promotion of human rights and of the equality of citizens before the law’. To reflect this, Article 35 on the principles of universality, provides for equality of citizens and non-discrimination on the basis of, amongst others, sex. Article 36 on principles of equality further provides that ‘[m]en and women shall be equal before the lawin all spheres of political, economic, social and cultural life’. Article 39 goes a step further and provides that discrimination on the basis of sex, amongst others, undermines national unity and creates division and is punishable by law. Article 122 of the Constitution specifically...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“Article 11(5) of the 2004 Constitution of Mozambique establishes ‘the defence and promotion of human rights and of the equality of citizens before the law’. To reflect this, Article 35 on the principles of universality, provides for equality of citizens and non-discrimination on the basis of, amongst others, sex. Article 36 on principles of equality further provides that ‘[m]en and women shall be equal before the lawin all spheres of political, economic, social and cultural life’. Article 39 goes a step further and provides that discrimination on the basis of sex, amongst others, undermines national unity and creates division and is punishable by law. Article 122 of the Constitution specifically...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:59 p.m.
Countries: Malawi
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of Malawi protects the family as the natural and fundamental group unit of society.191 The same provision provides that each member of the family is entitled to full and equal respect and protection by the law against neglect, cruelty and exploitation. In addition, the provision establishes that all men and women have the right to marry and start a family and that no person shall be forced to enter into marriage. These provisions apply to all forms of marriage, and indeed Malawi embraces legal pluralism by recognising and regulating civil marriages, customary marriages, religious marriages, and marriage by cohabitation or reputation” (59). “Malawi’s Constitution also...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Constitution of the Republic of Malawi protects the family as the natural and fundamental group unit of society.191 The same provision provides that each member of the family is entitled to full and equal respect and protection by the law against neglect, cruelty and exploitation. In addition, the provision establishes that all men and women have the right to marry and start a family and that no person shall be forced to enter into marriage. These provisions apply to all forms of marriage, and indeed Malawi embraces legal pluralism by recognising and regulating civil marriages, customary marriages, religious marriages, and marriage by cohabitation or reputation” (59). “Malawi’s Constitution also...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:58 p.m.
Countries: Kenya
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Republic of Kenya’s Constitution recognises the family as the natural and fundamental unit of society, entitled to recognition and protection from the State. The same provision mandates the equality of spouses within and after a marriage” (56). “In 2010, Kenya adopted a new Constitution with a progressive bill of rights, triggering an extensive review of existing law and reform process in a number of areas, including family law. Parliament enacted a new Matrimonial Property Act and new Marriage Act to consolidate a number of laws previously contained in a number of statutes, the common law and customary law” (56).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Republic of Kenya’s Constitution recognises the family as the natural and fundamental unit of society, entitled to recognition and protection from the State. The same provision mandates the equality of spouses within and after a marriage” (56). “In 2010, Kenya adopted a new Constitution with a progressive bill of rights, triggering an extensive review of existing law and reform process in a number of areas, including family law. Parliament enacted a new Matrimonial Property Act and new Marriage Act to consolidate a number of laws previously contained in a number of statutes, the common law and customary law” (56).
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:57 p.m.
Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia recognises family as the natural and fundamental unit of society entitled to protection from the State. The Constitution protects the right of persons of marriageable age to marry and found a family, noting that men and women have equal rights while entering into, during marriage and at the time of divorce. In addition, the Constitution protects women’s rights to equality, equality within marriage, to acquire, administer, control, use and transfer property, and to equal treatment in inheritance. It obliges the State to eliminate the influences of harmful customs and prohibits laws, customs and practices that oppress or cause harm to women"...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia recognises family as the natural and fundamental unit of society entitled to protection from the State. The Constitution protects the right of persons of marriageable age to marry and found a family, noting that men and women have equal rights while entering into, during marriage and at the time of divorce. In addition, the Constitution protects women’s rights to equality, equality within marriage, to acquire, administer, control, use and transfer property, and to equal treatment in inheritance. It obliges the State to eliminate the influences of harmful customs and prohibits laws, customs and practices that oppress or cause harm to women"...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:56 p.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the Constitution recognises that the Constitution is being drafted to achieve equality between Egyptians ‘in rights and duties with no discrimination’. Article 4 recognises that national unity is based ‘on the principle of equality, justice and equal opportunity between citizens’. Under Article 9, the State has the obligation to ensure ‘equal opportunity for all citizens without discrimination’. Article 11 of the Constitution focuses on the place of women and motherhood as follows” (48). “The State commits to achieving equality between women and men in all civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution” (48). “Women's right to equality is further...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the Constitution recognises that the Constitution is being drafted to achieve equality between Egyptians ‘in rights and duties with no discrimination’. Article 4 recognises that national unity is based ‘on the principle of equality, justice and equal opportunity between citizens’. Under Article 9, the State has the obligation to ensure ‘equal opportunity for all citizens without discrimination’. Article 11 of the Constitution focuses on the place of women and motherhood as follows” (48). “The State commits to achieving equality between women and men in all civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution” (48). “Women's right to equality is further...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:55 p.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Preamble of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo affirms its adherence to the African Charter and the CEDAW, amongst other international instruments. Article 11 of the Constitution provides for equality in dignity and rights while Article 12 protects equality before the law. Article 13 on non-discrimination ‘in matters of education or access to public functions or any other matter’ does not list sex as a basis. Nevertheless, it has specific provisions on non-discrimination against women. Article 14 provides as follows: Women are entitled to equitable representation in national, provincial and local institutions. The State guarantees the achievement of parity between men and women in said institutions. These...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Preamble of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo affirms its adherence to the African Charter and the CEDAW, amongst other international instruments. Article 11 of the Constitution provides for equality in dignity and rights while Article 12 protects equality before the law. Article 13 on non-discrimination ‘in matters of education or access to public functions or any other matter’ does not list sex as a basis. Nevertheless, it has specific provisions on non-discrimination against women. Article 14 provides as follows: Women are entitled to equitable representation in national, provincial and local institutions. The State guarantees the achievement of parity between men and women in said institutions. These...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:54 p.m.
Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the 2016 Constitution of Côte d’Ivoire expresses the government's commitment to ‘promote equality between men and women’, amongst others. Article 4 of the Constitution on equality provides for non-discrimination on the basis of, amongst others, sex. Article 5 further prohibits practices such as ‘female genital mutilation as well as all other forms of degradation of a human being’. Concerning family, Article 5 protects the family as the basic unit of society. Article 31 also provides for special protection of the needs of women as a vulnerable group. Concerning the rights of women within the family, Article 35 specifically provides that ‘[t]he State and public communities ensure the...more
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the 2016 Constitution of Côte d’Ivoire expresses the government's commitment to ‘promote equality between men and women’, amongst others. Article 4 of the Constitution on equality provides for non-discrimination on the basis of, amongst others, sex. Article 5 further prohibits practices such as ‘female genital mutilation as well as all other forms of degradation of a human being’. Concerning family, Article 5 protects the family as the basic unit of society. Article 31 also provides for special protection of the needs of women as a vulnerable group. Concerning the rights of women within the family, Article 35 specifically provides that ‘[t]he State and public communities ensure the...more
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:48 p.m.
Countries: Cameroon
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of Cameroon’s 1996 Constitution states that ‘the human person, without distinction as to race, religion, sex or belief, possesses inalienable and sacred rights’ and further that ‘the State shall guarantee all citizens of either sex the rights and freedoms set forth in the Preamble of the Constitution’. The Constitution does not have a Bill of Rights. The principles of equality and non-discrimination, however, are further guaranteed by Article 16 of the Civil Code, Article 1 of the Penal Code and Article 84 of the Labour Code” (41).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of Cameroon’s 1996 Constitution states that ‘the human person, without distinction as to race, religion, sex or belief, possesses inalienable and sacred rights’ and further that ‘the State shall guarantee all citizens of either sex the rights and freedoms set forth in the Preamble of the Constitution’. The Constitution does not have a Bill of Rights. The principles of equality and non-discrimination, however, are further guaranteed by Article 16 of the Civil Code, Article 1 of the Penal Code and Article 84 of the Labour Code” (41).
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:46 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
CONST-LAW-1 “The Constitution of the Republic of Botswana contains no reference to families, though it does guarantee protection from discrimination, including discrimination on the grounds of sex. Family law in Botswana is governed through statute, the Roman Dutch common law and customary law. Historically, these sources of law have been deeply patriarchal and have functioned to entrench intra-familial inequality. Fortunately, in recent years Botswana has embarked upon a process of progressive law reform, though the State remains largely politically conservative and many citizens continue to live in rural contexts governed mostly by application of customary law rather than progressive legislation” (36).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
CONST-LAW-1 “The Constitution of the Republic of Botswana contains no reference to families, though it does guarantee protection from discrimination, including discrimination on the grounds of sex. Family law in Botswana is governed through statute, the Roman Dutch common law and customary law. Historically, these sources of law have been deeply patriarchal and have functioned to entrench intra-familial inequality. Fortunately, in recent years Botswana has embarked upon a process of progressive law reform, though the State remains largely politically conservative and many citizens continue to live in rural contexts governed mostly by application of customary law rather than progressive legislation” (36).
Aug. 20, 2026, 1:44 p.m.
Countries: Angola
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the 2010 Constitution of Angola provides for equal opportunities and equality. Article 23 protects everyone's right to equality and non-discrimination on the basis of, amongst others, sex. Some of the fundamental tasks of the State are to ‘promote equal rights and opportunities between Angolans, regardless of origins, race, party affiliations, sex, colour, age or any other form of discrimination’ and to ‘promote equality between men and women’. Article 35 further protects the family, where ‘[m] en and women shall be equal within the family, in society and before the State, enjoying the same rights and being responsible for the same duties’” (33).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
“The Preamble of the 2010 Constitution of Angola provides for equal opportunities and equality. Article 23 protects everyone's right to equality and non-discrimination on the basis of, amongst others, sex. Some of the fundamental tasks of the State are to ‘promote equal rights and opportunities between Angolans, regardless of origins, race, party affiliations, sex, colour, age or any other form of discrimination’ and to ‘promote equality between men and women’. Article 35 further protects the family, where ‘[m] en and women shall be equal within the family, in society and before the State, enjoying the same rights and being responsible for the same duties’” (33).
Dec. 17, 2025, 9:28 a.m.
Countries: Laos
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Lao PDR implemented the policy of promoting gender equality and combating discrimination against women as one of the government’s priorities. Provisions on non-discrimination on the basis of race, color, gender, politic, economic and social status, education level, and family that defined in the Constitution of the Lao PDR, especially Article 35 and Article 37" (6)."The Lao PDR attaches importance to promote gender equality by formulating and amending constitution and laws as the articles 35 and 37 of the Lao Constitution state that men and women have equal rights and duties before laws" (35).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Lao PDR implemented the policy of promoting gender equality and combating discrimination against women as one of the government’s priorities. Provisions on non-discrimination on the basis of race, color, gender, politic, economic and social status, education level, and family that defined in the Constitution of the Lao PDR, especially Article 35 and Article 37" (6)."The Lao PDR attaches importance to promote gender equality by formulating and amending constitution and laws as the articles 35 and 37 of the Lao Constitution state that men and women have equal rights and duties before laws" (35).
Aug. 29, 2025, 8:58 p.m.
Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Article 2 of the Ivorian Constitution states: 'All human beings are born free and equal before the law. They enjoy the right to life, liberty, the development of their personality, and respect for their dignity. These rights are inviolable.' This constitutional provision affirms that men and women are entitled to the same rights under the law" (Para 2).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Article 2 of the Ivorian Constitution states: 'All human beings are born free and equal before the law. They enjoy the right to life, liberty, the development of their personality, and respect for their dignity. These rights are inviolable.' This constitutional provision affirms that men and women are entitled to the same rights under the law" (Para 2).
May 30, 2025, 10:12 a.m.
Countries: Iceland
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights Irrespective of Gender (No. 150/2020), prohibiting direct and indirect discrimination, as well as intersecting forms of discrimination, and mandating public bodies to collect and analyse data disaggregated by gender" (2).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Act on Equal Status and Equal Rights Irrespective of Gender (No. 150/2020), prohibiting direct and indirect discrimination, as well as intersecting forms of discrimination, and mandating public bodies to collect and analyse data disaggregated by gender" (2).
April 17, 2025, 4:55 p.m.
Countries: Bolivia
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Committee commends the State party on the inclusion of the principle of non-discrimination and gender equality in the Constitution" (4).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Committee commends the State party on the inclusion of the principle of non-discrimination and gender equality in the Constitution" (4).
April 4, 2025, 9:14 a.m.
Countries: El Salvador
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Article 3 of the Constitution of El Salvador states that: 'All persons are equal before the law. No restrictions may be placed on the enjoyment of their civil rights on the basis of their nationality, race, sex or religion'" (2).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Article 3 of the Constitution of El Salvador states that: 'All persons are equal before the law. No restrictions may be placed on the enjoyment of their civil rights on the basis of their nationality, race, sex or religion'" (2).
April 3, 2025, 9:02 p.m.
Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"During 2017 and 2018 no proposal to amend the BiH Constitution has been sent to parliamentary procedure and the Working Group whose task was to set activities and deadlines to amend the BiH Constitution has never been formed… The BiH Constitution remains discriminatory when it comes to women’s human rights (the Constitution does not contain clear definition of gender equality and discrimination ban of women in public and private sphere, it is written in a gender insensitive language)" (6).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"During 2017 and 2018 no proposal to amend the BiH Constitution has been sent to parliamentary procedure and the Working Group whose task was to set activities and deadlines to amend the BiH Constitution has never been formed… The BiH Constitution remains discriminatory when it comes to women’s human rights (the Constitution does not contain clear definition of gender equality and discrimination ban of women in public and private sphere, it is written in a gender insensitive language)" (6).
March 28, 2025, 5:46 p.m.
Countries: North Korea
Variables: AFE-LAW-1, CONST-LAW-1
"North Korea’s constitution theoretically guarantees gender equality, and women have legal rights to education, employment, and participation in political life" (para 7).
Variables: AFE-LAW-1, CONST-LAW-1
"North Korea’s constitution theoretically guarantees gender equality, and women have legal rights to education, employment, and participation in political life" (para 7).
March 19, 2025, 10:12 p.m.
Countries: Iraq
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Iraq’s 2005 Constitution guarantees the principle of equality before the law and the enjoyment of human rights to all Iraqi citizens without discrimination, (Articles 14 and 15), including specific provisions that protect women from violence (Article 29-(4))" (2).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"Iraq’s 2005 Constitution guarantees the principle of equality before the law and the enjoyment of human rights to all Iraqi citizens without discrimination, (Articles 14 and 15), including specific provisions that protect women from violence (Article 29-(4))" (2).
March 15, 2025, 11:45 a.m.
Countries: Lebanon
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"There is no legislation defining and prohibiting all forms of discrimination against women, including direct and indirect discrimination by State and non-State actors, in the public and private spheres, as well as intersecting forms of discrimination. The Committee also notes the absence of a clear time frame for the review of discriminatory laws and that sex is not included as a prohibited ground of discrimination in articles 9 and 10 of the Constitution" (4).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"There is no legislation defining and prohibiting all forms of discrimination against women, including direct and indirect discrimination by State and non-State actors, in the public and private spheres, as well as intersecting forms of discrimination. The Committee also notes the absence of a clear time frame for the review of discriminatory laws and that sex is not included as a prohibited ground of discrimination in articles 9 and 10 of the Constitution" (4).
March 13, 2025, 10:21 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Constitution of Namibia states that nobody must be discriminated against on the basis of being a woman or a man, or on the basis of being from a specific tribe or ethnic group, or on the basis of being poor or rich, or on the basis of where a person lives in Namibia" (6).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"The Constitution of Namibia states that nobody must be discriminated against on the basis of being a woman or a man, or on the basis of being from a specific tribe or ethnic group, or on the basis of being poor or rich, or on the basis of where a person lives in Namibia" (6).
March 3, 2025, 9:03 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"[I]t notes with concern the absence from the State party’s legislation of a comprehensive definition of discrimination against women... The Committee is concerned about the different treatment and protection of the law of women according to their sexual orientation, gender identity and their ethnic or religious affiliation." (Page 4).
Variables: CONST-LAW-1
"[I]t notes with concern the absence from the State party’s legislation of a comprehensive definition of discrimination against women... The Committee is concerned about the different treatment and protection of the law of women according to their sexual orientation, gender identity and their ethnic or religious affiliation." (Page 4).