Countries: Cuba
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1, DTCP-LAW-1

"There is a record of progress in essential areas: the Comprehensive Strategy against gender-based and intrafamily violence, the transversal treatment of gender-based violence in regulatory bodies such as the Family Code, the Penal Code and the Criminal Enforcement Law, based on the updating of the National Program for the Advancement of Women. However, they are instruments that are not yet sufficiently grounded in the institutional and political dynamics of the country. The Program will have been approved two years ago and the Strategy for just over one. In turn, they are legal mechanisms that function without a legal instrument that governs and organizes them. Nor does it organize the institutional...more

Countries: D R Congo
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Women engaged in prostitution are subjected to violence by the police, including sexual violence, rape and harassment, and the perpetrators are not sanctioned" (9). "[M]easures necessary to prosecute and sanction sexual violence, rape and harassment committed by the police against women in prostitution [are not taken]" (9).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Women accused of adultery have been publicly lashed by the Taliban as the Islamist group rolls out sharia law across Afghanistan. Ten men and nine women were each whipped 39 times in the city of Taloqan for alleged adultery and theft, a senior Taliban official said" (para 1-2). These quotes show that since men and women are both punished, double standards about fidelity and differential treatment under law may not be as pervasive for some things under the Taliban (Coder Comment - EV).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Women have stopped being issued driver's licenses and are ordered to cover their whole bodies in western city Herat, Afghanistan's third largest" (para 2). "The formerly liberal city is also the site of a Taliban prison where women are being held without trial simply for taking taxis without male companions" (para 3). "Other 'immoral offences' prompting women to be locked up include schoolgirls posing for photos with male classmates" (para 4). "Women were pictured behind bars without trial at Herat Central Jail by an ITV crew last week - with the guilty's 'immoral behaviour' including taking taxis without male supervision" (para 6). "But they have increasingly restricted the rights of...more

Countries: Iran
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Earlier this month, a few major news outlets, including The New York Times and Time magazine, erroneously reported that the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran had abolished the morality police—the infamous government body in Iran designed to harass and control women for such crimes as wearing an improper hijab or walking in public with a male friend. But it seems the news of its death has been greatly exaggerated" (para 1). "On Dec 5, an entire amusement park was shut down when a female employee showed up to work without a headscarf. In another incident, a member of parliament warned of new methods, such as freezing bank accounts...more

Countries: Botswana
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Women are subjected to customary law and they lack knowledge and information, particularly on marriage laws and this continues to perpetuate discriminatory practices in the area of marriage under customary law. The Legal Aid Programme has been established to deal with issues of access to justice and Legal Aid Act was passed in 2013. This will greatly enhance access to justice by women" (8). “Although discriminatory and biased customary laws negatively affect women across the entire country, rural women tend to be particularly disadvantaged by their application. This is due to the fact that customary law is particularly enforced in rural areas, where local customs are still very vibrant. This...more

Countries: Iran
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"The Islamic Revolutionary Guard summoned Khoshnavaz, 31, and the other women soon after her Instagram post appeared. 'They called me and told me to go to them for questioning. We had not committed a crime. But they were behaving very badly, as if we were murderers.' To this day, Khoshnavaz remains at a loss to explain the grounds for the prison sentence and fine that she received, leaving her to spend three months in Qarchak prison, south of Tehran"(para 8-10). "At some point during her ordeal, Khoshnavaz says she was physically abused, though the experience is too traumatic for her to detail. ‘I don’t want to talk about it,’ she...more

Countries: Indonesia
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"[A] school regulation at SMAN3 Solok includes multiple sanctions, including two demerits if a student wears 'a transparent jilba' and another two demerits if she wears 'a tight skirt, a mini skirt or a split skirt'" (43). "In Muaraenim, South Sumatra, a male teacher reportedly used scissors to cut the hijabs of several female students after a school assembly when he determined that their hijabs did not meet the school’s requirement. After he cut their hijabs, he sent them home to change their hijabs" (47).

Countries: Russia
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"In a 2011 report, Human Rights Watch documented acts of violence, harassment, and threats by law enforcement officers against women in Chechnya to intimidate them into wearing a headscarf or dressing more 'modestly,' in long skirts and sleeves to cover their limbs" (104).

Countries: South Korea
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

“Only after the #MeToo movement did Ana find the strength to seek help. She went to a support centre for victims of crime, but they wanted evidence before agreeing to help her. She made her case to the doctor, who told her she was delusional and denied the support... Then the gender equality ministry stepped in. They found her a place in the safe house, provided counselling and helped Ana to pursue a successful prosecution. Her professor was sent to jail” (para 22, 24). This woman was at first denied support after a gender-based crime (ET - CODER COMMENT).

Countries: Colombia
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"There is no one to treat gynaecological ailments. There is no one to test for cancer, or to carry out breast exams. There are so many flaws in the system in terms of reproductive and sexual health. I suffered uterine problems and used to get strong cramps and heavy bleeding. I was given ibuprofen for the pain and had to make do" (para 6). "I was lucky I had work in prison and could afford sanitary towels. Other women only got 10 sanitary towels every three months. That’s not enough for one menstrual cycle. Women would cut off a bit of their mattress to use, or would make tampons with...more

Countries: Angola
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Informal courts remained the principal institutions through which citizens resolved civil conflicts in rural areas, such as disputes over a bartering deal… Traditional community leaders (known as sobas) also heard and decided local civil cases. Sobas do not have the authority to resolve criminal cases, which only courts may hear" (6).

Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"Shocking footage shows female Afghan students being whipped by a Taliban official after they were barred from entering their university campus because they were not wearing burkas. The women, students at Badakhshan University in northeastern Afghanistan, said they were beaten by Taliban officials from the Ministry of Virtue and Vice for wearing hijabs - headscarves - instead of burkas. In a video posted on social media today, one of the Taliban government's guards can be seen chasing after the students with a whip and lashing them to disperse them. The footage shows dozens of women standing outside the university gates holding books and other school supplies as men are able...more

Countries: Cote D'Ivoire
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"The establishment of 32 gender desks at police stations by decree No. 1651/MEME/CAB of 5 June 2012" (2).

Countries: Bahamas
Variables: DTCP-PRACTICE-1

"The Internal Affairs Unit and a disciplinary tribunal at the BDCS facility are responsible for investigating any credible allegations of abuse or substandard conditions. There were no such investigations during the year" (3). This indicates that no abuse occurred or was reported under government supervision (MV- coder comment). "In November a magistrate court dismissed charges against a 19-year-old woman accused of intent to cause harm to an immigration officer" (4).