Latest items for ERBG-DATA-5
March 30, 2024, 2:46 p.m.
Countries: Lithuania
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[A]ccess [should be enhanced] for women to the labour market, including for women who have reached pensionable age and disadvantaged groups of women,such as migrant women, Roma women, rural women, older women and women with disabilities " (11-12). These women have little access to the labor market (MV- coder comment).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[A]ccess [should be enhanced] for women to the labour market, including for women who have reached pensionable age and disadvantaged groups of women,such as migrant women, Roma women, rural women, older women and women with disabilities " (11-12). These women have little access to the labor market (MV- coder comment).
March 15, 2024, 2:30 p.m.
Countries: Gabon
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[T]he healthcare coverage benefits provided by the National Health Insurance and Social Protection Fund are available to men and women who work in the informal sector" (16). "Act No. 028/2016 of 6 February 2017, the Social Protection Code of the Gabonese Republic, contains in its section 2, chapter 4, provisions on independent and mobile workers. This Act applies to various categories of workers (men and women) in the unstructured (or informal) sector, such as traders and domestic workers" (17).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[T]he healthcare coverage benefits provided by the National Health Insurance and Social Protection Fund are available to men and women who work in the informal sector" (16). "Act No. 028/2016 of 6 February 2017, the Social Protection Code of the Gabonese Republic, contains in its section 2, chapter 4, provisions on independent and mobile workers. This Act applies to various categories of workers (men and women) in the unstructured (or informal) sector, such as traders and domestic workers" (17).
March 14, 2024, 10:13 a.m.
Countries: Gabon
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[R]ural women face enormous difficulties because the road network remains problematic and is an obstacle to mobility and product marketing... [R]ural women are economically vulnerable" (22).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[R]ural women face enormous difficulties because the road network remains problematic and is an obstacle to mobility and product marketing... [R]ural women are economically vulnerable" (22).
Feb. 20, 2024, 6:27 p.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women have less access to remunerated jobs, compared with men, in the informal sector, in which they comprise the majority of workers yet have no access to legal protection or social security" (11). "The environmental and sanitary impacts of the industrial exploitation of copper and cobalt from the Frontier Mine, near Sakania, lead to the drying up of the river, affecting access for women and girls to safe water and to education, exposing them to rape and sexual violence and depriving them of their incomes earned from their agricultural activities" (16).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women have less access to remunerated jobs, compared with men, in the informal sector, in which they comprise the majority of workers yet have no access to legal protection or social security" (11). "The environmental and sanitary impacts of the industrial exploitation of copper and cobalt from the Frontier Mine, near Sakania, lead to the drying up of the river, affecting access for women and girls to safe water and to education, exposing them to rape and sexual violence and depriving them of their incomes earned from their agricultural activities" (16).
Jan. 29, 2024, 5:50 p.m.
Countries: Bosnia-Herzegovina
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[There is a] disproportionately high number of women who are engaged in unpaid agricultural and domestic work" (11). "[A]ccess to high-quality health-care services [is limited] for women belonging to disadvantaged groups who are not covered by health insurance, including [women working in the informal sector]" (12).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[There is a] disproportionately high number of women who are engaged in unpaid agricultural and domestic work" (11). "[A]ccess to high-quality health-care services [is limited] for women belonging to disadvantaged groups who are not covered by health insurance, including [women working in the informal sector]" (12).
Jan. 19, 2024, 12:06 p.m.
Countries: Central African Rep
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[C]ampaigns are run to encourage women to participate in agricultural and income-generating activities and to operate small businesses and trade in food products themselves" (20).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[C]ampaigns are run to encourage women to participate in agricultural and income-generating activities and to operate small businesses and trade in food products themselves" (20).
Jan. 16, 2024, 6:33 p.m.
Countries: Botswana
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"The 2007 Informal Sector Survey indicates that females accounted for 60.7% of total employment in the informal sector, three times the figure recorded in the 1999 survey" (19). "[W]omen are the majority (70 per cent) informal sector players" (36).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"The 2007 Informal Sector Survey indicates that females accounted for 60.7% of total employment in the informal sector, three times the figure recorded in the 1999 survey" (19). "[W]omen are the majority (70 per cent) informal sector players" (36).
Nov. 6, 2023, 11:49 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women account for 30 per cent of the total number of entrepreneurs and 55 per cent of entrepreneurs in the Internet field" (4). "The proportion of female entrepreneurs has exceeded 50 per cent" (20).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women account for 30 per cent of the total number of entrepreneurs and 55 per cent of entrepreneurs in the Internet field" (4). "The proportion of female entrepreneurs has exceeded 50 per cent" (20).
Nov. 1, 2023, 6:37 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Nearly 1,000 female embroiderers have been directly involved in fulfilling more than 17,000 orders received by the centre, thus generating at least 1,500 yuan of additional income per person. Another example is the centre of traditional crafts in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan. Since its opening, nearly 500 participants have received direct training from the centre and, in turn, trained more than 6,000 other female embroiderers, helping local women to find employment near home" (21).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Nearly 1,000 female embroiderers have been directly involved in fulfilling more than 17,000 orders received by the centre, thus generating at least 1,500 yuan of additional income per person. Another example is the centre of traditional crafts in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan. Since its opening, nearly 500 participants have received direct training from the centre and, in turn, trained more than 6,000 other female embroiderers, helping local women to find employment near home" (21).
Nov. 1, 2023, 6:31 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"More than 3.3 million women have joined more than 5,000 centres for female manual weavers, which has, in turn, given more than 10 million women facing employment challenges the flexibility of working from home" (20).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"More than 3.3 million women have joined more than 5,000 centres for female manual weavers, which has, in turn, given more than 10 million women facing employment challenges the flexibility of working from home" (20).
Nov. 1, 2023, 6:28 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women have unleashed their talent in the mass entrepreneurship and innovation campaign, accounting for more than 55 per cent of Internet entrepreneurs" (20).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women have unleashed their talent in the mass entrepreneurship and innovation campaign, accounting for more than 55 per cent of Internet entrepreneurs" (20).
Oct. 4, 2023, 6:58 a.m.
Countries: Angola
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[There continues to be a] horizontal and vertical occupational segregation and [a] concentration of women in the informal labour market and in low-paying jobs" (11).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[There continues to be a] horizontal and vertical occupational segregation and [a] concentration of women in the informal labour market and in low-paying jobs" (11).
Sept. 25, 2023, 8:02 a.m.
Countries: Guyana
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Unorganized workers, particularly women in the informal sector, were often paid less than the minimum wage" (15).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Unorganized workers, particularly women in the informal sector, were often paid less than the minimum wage" (15).
Aug. 24, 2023, 1:08 a.m.
Countries: Cape Verde
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[G]ender stereotypes are [persistent and] a root cause of the assignment of a disproportionate burden of unpaid domestic work, child-raising and care of family members to women and the insufficient maternity leave afforded to women, thereby limiting their access to the labour market... [W]omen comprise the majority of workers in the informal sector" (9).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[G]ender stereotypes are [persistent and] a root cause of the assignment of a disproportionate burden of unpaid domestic work, child-raising and care of family members to women and the insufficient maternity leave afforded to women, thereby limiting their access to the labour market... [W]omen comprise the majority of workers in the informal sector" (9).
July 25, 2023, 10:44 a.m.
Countries: Cambodia
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[There is concern about a] high concentration of women in the informal employment sector, including domestic work, where they continue to be excluded from labour and social security protection, such as minimum wages, overtime compensation and maternity leave" (11).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[There is concern about a] high concentration of women in the informal employment sector, including domestic work, where they continue to be excluded from labour and social security protection, such as minimum wages, overtime compensation and maternity leave" (11).
July 10, 2023, 9:26 p.m.
Countries: Maldives
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"While Tourism accounts for 40.9% of the GDP (2017),40 Maldivians typically occupy lower-paying jobs in a sector, which is dominated by foreign workers. On the smaller islands, outside of Public Sector, the main employment is in Fisheries and Agriculture, neither of which are seen as acceptable employment for women. For many men, the main option for employment is either in the Fisheries, which may mean multiple weeks away from home, or the resorts, which again means leaving their home island during the week. Staff employed in resorts find it difficult to travel back to their islands on a daily basis, and social norms make it unacceptable for women to stay...more
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"While Tourism accounts for 40.9% of the GDP (2017),40 Maldivians typically occupy lower-paying jobs in a sector, which is dominated by foreign workers. On the smaller islands, outside of Public Sector, the main employment is in Fisheries and Agriculture, neither of which are seen as acceptable employment for women. For many men, the main option for employment is either in the Fisheries, which may mean multiple weeks away from home, or the resorts, which again means leaving their home island during the week. Staff employed in resorts find it difficult to travel back to their islands on a daily basis, and social norms make it unacceptable for women to stay...more
June 27, 2023, 11:15 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"The government does not formally allow refugee employment; however, many worked in the informal market and were at risk of labor exploitation due to their lack of legal status in the country" (21). Women were excluded from formal markets due to their illegal status (MV-coder comment).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"The government does not formally allow refugee employment; however, many worked in the informal market and were at risk of labor exploitation due to their lack of legal status in the country" (21). Women were excluded from formal markets due to their illegal status (MV-coder comment).
June 26, 2023, 10:33 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-2, ERBG-DATA-5
"In April 2021, Shrestha and five others became the first Nepali women to climb the 8,091-metre Annapurna I. 'Preparing for the Annapurna expedition, I realised how far behind Nepali women were in mountaineering, because no Nepali women had climbed it until now. The number of women who are into mountaineering can still be counted on [your] fingers.'" (para.9).
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-2, ERBG-DATA-5
"In April 2021, Shrestha and five others became the first Nepali women to climb the 8,091-metre Annapurna I. 'Preparing for the Annapurna expedition, I realised how far behind Nepali women were in mountaineering, because no Nepali women had climbed it until now. The number of women who are into mountaineering can still be counted on [your] fingers.'" (para.9).
June 14, 2023, 7:56 p.m.
Countries: Bolivia
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women’s access to formal, and/or transition from informal, employment is being promoted cross-sectorally.. [N]o effort has been spared to incorporate the gender perspective and depatriarchalization into institutional management, by creating an institutional history based on gender mainstreaming on the basis of a range of actions" (21).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women’s access to formal, and/or transition from informal, employment is being promoted cross-sectorally.. [N]o effort has been spared to incorporate the gender perspective and depatriarchalization into institutional management, by creating an institutional history based on gender mainstreaming on the basis of a range of actions" (21).
March 31, 2023, 2:31 p.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[W]omen in the informal sector are not covered by social security services" (12). "[Women are] the main workforce in the agriculture sector" (12).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"[W]omen in the informal sector are not covered by social security services" (12). "[Women are] the main workforce in the agriculture sector" (12).
March 18, 2023, 10:20 p.m.
Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"More than 80 per cent of the country’s population relies on agriculture for its livelihood and women constitute close to 57 per cent of the labour force in the [Agricultural] sector" (19). "Although women contribute significantly to the agricultural sector, they produce up to 23 per cent less than men...targets have been set to have 30 per cent more women beneficiaries in all of the extension services. Accordingly, women accessing improved seed and fertilizers reached 12.2 per cent and 10.8 per cent respectively in 2013/14" (22). "The outcome shows progressive decline in the representation of women in the informal sector from 64.8 per cent in 1999 and to 36.5 per...more
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"More than 80 per cent of the country’s population relies on agriculture for its livelihood and women constitute close to 57 per cent of the labour force in the [Agricultural] sector" (19). "Although women contribute significantly to the agricultural sector, they produce up to 23 per cent less than men...targets have been set to have 30 per cent more women beneficiaries in all of the extension services. Accordingly, women accessing improved seed and fertilizers reached 12.2 per cent and 10.8 per cent respectively in 2013/14" (22). "The outcome shows progressive decline in the representation of women in the informal sector from 64.8 per cent in 1999 and to 36.5 per...more
Feb. 22, 2023, 1:10 p.m.
Countries: Bulgaria
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5, ERBG-DATA-6, ASR-DATA-1
“A little over half of self-employed workers in Bulgaria are educated to the upper secondary level, and 32% hold a tertiary level degree. Self-employed women were more likely than self-employed workers in any other groups to have completed tertiary education. This data confirm findings of an earlier nation-wide study that the group of women entrepreneurs had a higher share of people with higher education. Relatively few self-employed workers held only a basic education compared to the EU average. The Roma population is likely to be overrepresented in this last category, including Roma women who display high rates of early school dropout” (12).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5, ERBG-DATA-6, ASR-DATA-1
“A little over half of self-employed workers in Bulgaria are educated to the upper secondary level, and 32% hold a tertiary level degree. Self-employed women were more likely than self-employed workers in any other groups to have completed tertiary education. This data confirm findings of an earlier nation-wide study that the group of women entrepreneurs had a higher share of people with higher education. Relatively few self-employed workers held only a basic education compared to the EU average. The Roma population is likely to be overrepresented in this last category, including Roma women who display high rates of early school dropout” (12).
Feb. 22, 2023, 9:58 a.m.
Countries: Bulgaria
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
“Alternatively, more and more mothers are looking for opportunities in some form of economic activity – own business, small family business, partnership. Extremely important for mothers is the possibility of new, flexible forms of employment and business activity, balancing with the obligations at home. In addition to funding programs and sources of financing, mothers are trying to find appropriate legal form for doing business, and a relevant tax framework. There is also a lack of supporting structures – business incubators, accelerators, networks” (second paragraph).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
“Alternatively, more and more mothers are looking for opportunities in some form of economic activity – own business, small family business, partnership. Extremely important for mothers is the possibility of new, flexible forms of employment and business activity, balancing with the obligations at home. In addition to funding programs and sources of financing, mothers are trying to find appropriate legal form for doing business, and a relevant tax framework. There is also a lack of supporting structures – business incubators, accelerators, networks” (second paragraph).
Feb. 2, 2023, 2:39 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"There’s also an increased understanding that many people are turning to online sex work out of economic necessity. 'Part of the reason why people are doing this is because they can’t live off of the salaries that are being paid,' Seifullah said. 'It’s a larger question of, how do we make money? How do we live? How do we have the freedom to do what we need, to be who we are?'” (para 11).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"There’s also an increased understanding that many people are turning to online sex work out of economic necessity. 'Part of the reason why people are doing this is because they can’t live off of the salaries that are being paid,' Seifullah said. 'It’s a larger question of, how do we make money? How do we live? How do we have the freedom to do what we need, to be who we are?'” (para 11).
Jan. 2, 2023, 2:15 a.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women working for international aid organizations or in the health sector have been allowed to continue working, while others, such as small business owners, are not" (para 7).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women working for international aid organizations or in the health sector have been allowed to continue working, while others, such as small business owners, are not" (para 7).
Dec. 26, 2022, 5:58 p.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5, CL-PRACTICE-1
"Mandu Reid, the leader of the Women’s Equality party, said the fall in women’s representation showed Sunak had a 'massive and deeply concerning blind spot' when it came to the fact that 'it is women who hold up our NHS, women who deliver social care and women who are overwhelmingly employed in the childcare sector which enable parents to actually go to work' " (para 7).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5, CL-PRACTICE-1
"Mandu Reid, the leader of the Women’s Equality party, said the fall in women’s representation showed Sunak had a 'massive and deeply concerning blind spot' when it came to the fact that 'it is women who hold up our NHS, women who deliver social care and women who are overwhelmingly employed in the childcare sector which enable parents to actually go to work' " (para 7).
July 6, 2022, 10:35 a.m.
Countries: Djibouti
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"...In the informal sector, women account for 74.3 per cent of all workers" (21). "…[W]hile three quarters of informal sector workers were women…" (21). "In addition, data from the 2015 Djibouti Survey on Employment, the Informal Sector and Consumption shows that only 45.3 per cent of women are aware that microfinance services are available in Djibouti, and only 6.9 per cent of them have applied for a loan" (24).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"...In the informal sector, women account for 74.3 per cent of all workers" (21). "…[W]hile three quarters of informal sector workers were women…" (21). "In addition, data from the 2015 Djibouti Survey on Employment, the Informal Sector and Consumption shows that only 45.3 per cent of women are aware that microfinance services are available in Djibouti, and only 6.9 per cent of them have applied for a loan" (24).
July 6, 2022, 10:19 a.m.
Countries: Canada
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"According to the report, the construction and clean technology sectors will benefit indirectly from the low-carbon-economy fund expansion, which will invest up to $2 billion in green projects. Similarly, the agricultural sector — another male-dominated industry — will benefit from the expansion of the agricultural clean-technology program, which is meant to foster the changes required to achieve a low-carbon economy" (Para. 6).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"According to the report, the construction and clean technology sectors will benefit indirectly from the low-carbon-economy fund expansion, which will invest up to $2 billion in green projects. Similarly, the agricultural sector — another male-dominated industry — will benefit from the expansion of the agricultural clean-technology program, which is meant to foster the changes required to achieve a low-carbon economy" (Para. 6).
June 28, 2022, 2:56 p.m.
Countries: Bangladesh
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Employment, particularly employment for cash, and control over how earnings are used are important indicators of women’s empowerment. Almost half (49%) of currently married women age 15-49 reported that they were employed in the 12 months preceding the survey (Table 12.1). More than three- fourths of women (76%) are paid in cash only, whereas 16% do not receive any payment for their work. Overall, 83% of women who are employed have cash earnings (including those earning cash and those paid in-kind). By age, employment increases from 26% among women age 15-19 to 60% among women age 40-44 before declining to 57% among women age 45-49" (200).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Employment, particularly employment for cash, and control over how earnings are used are important indicators of women’s empowerment. Almost half (49%) of currently married women age 15-49 reported that they were employed in the 12 months preceding the survey (Table 12.1). More than three- fourths of women (76%) are paid in cash only, whereas 16% do not receive any payment for their work. Overall, 83% of women who are employed have cash earnings (including those earning cash and those paid in-kind). By age, employment increases from 26% among women age 15-19 to 60% among women age 40-44 before declining to 57% among women age 45-49" (200).
June 21, 2022, 8:35 a.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women are more likely to be engaged in informal, temporary or precarious forms of employment, including employment with zero-hours contracts" (11).
Variables: ERBG-DATA-5
"Women are more likely to be engaged in informal, temporary or precarious forms of employment, including employment with zero-hours contracts" (11).