Latest items for GEW-DATA-1
April 30, 2024, 8:26 p.m.
Countries: Haiti
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) said in a statement on Monday that close to 300 kidnappings have been reported in the Caribbean nation in the first six months of the year" (para 2 ). "Gang violence has been on the rise across Haiti — particularly in the capital Port-au-Prince — after the July 2021 assassination of President Jovenel Moise worsened widespread political instability" (para 6).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) said in a statement on Monday that close to 300 kidnappings have been reported in the Caribbean nation in the first six months of the year" (para 2 ). "Gang violence has been on the rise across Haiti — particularly in the capital Port-au-Prince — after the July 2021 assassination of President Jovenel Moise worsened widespread political instability" (para 6).
April 19, 2024, 3:06 p.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The lack of statistics on conflict-related violence against women and girls [is a concern]" (11). This data does not currently exist in Serbia (MV-coder comment).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The lack of statistics on conflict-related violence against women and girls [is a concern]" (11). This data does not currently exist in Serbia (MV-coder comment).
Feb. 20, 2024, 6:27 p.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The number of women and girls in conflict-affected areas who are victims of sexual violence, including rape, mass rape, gang rape and sexual slavery perpetrated by the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC), the national police, armed groups and militias [has increased]" (3). "[T]he collection of reliable data and statistics on cases of conflict-related sexual violence perpetrated by the military, the police and armed groups [needs to improve]" (4).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The number of women and girls in conflict-affected areas who are victims of sexual violence, including rape, mass rape, gang rape and sexual slavery perpetrated by the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC), the national police, armed groups and militias [has increased]" (3). "[T]he collection of reliable data and statistics on cases of conflict-related sexual violence perpetrated by the military, the police and armed groups [needs to improve]" (4).
Feb. 5, 2024, 1:29 p.m.
Countries: Central African Rep
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The United States welcomes the first verdict issued by the Special Criminal Court (SCC) on October 31 against Issa Sallet Adoum, Yaouba Ousmane, and Mahamat Tahir, all members of the rebel group known as 3R. In the judgment, the accused were convicted of crimes against humanity and war crimes for severe violence committed in a massacre of at least 46 civilians in May 2019" (para 1).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The United States welcomes the first verdict issued by the Special Criminal Court (SCC) on October 31 against Issa Sallet Adoum, Yaouba Ousmane, and Mahamat Tahir, all members of the rebel group known as 3R. In the judgment, the accused were convicted of crimes against humanity and war crimes for severe violence committed in a massacre of at least 46 civilians in May 2019" (para 1).
Jan. 28, 2024, 7:26 p.m.
Countries: Haiti
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Between January and July 2022, the report’s authors conducted more than 90 interviews with victims and witnesses of incidents in Port-au-Prince, as well as with service providers, community-based organizations, national and international nongovernmental organizations, and representatives of the Government of Haiti, with a view to verifying the abuses documented" (para 12).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Between January and July 2022, the report’s authors conducted more than 90 interviews with victims and witnesses of incidents in Port-au-Prince, as well as with service providers, community-based organizations, national and international nongovernmental organizations, and representatives of the Government of Haiti, with a view to verifying the abuses documented" (para 12).
Jan. 22, 2024, 7:07 p.m.
Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"From the very first first days of this war, civilians have been targets of violence, fear and death. Thousands of women have been raped, Tigrayans have 'disappeared' from their places of employment, even in the capitol of Addis Ababa, bodies are being left for the hyenas and millions are at risk. The infant mortality rate, or babies dying within the first month of life is now four times higher than it was just two years ago. Women are dying during pregnancy or within 42 days of giving birth at five times the rate before the war, and children under 5 are dying at twice the prewar rate" (para 6-7).more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"From the very first first days of this war, civilians have been targets of violence, fear and death. Thousands of women have been raped, Tigrayans have 'disappeared' from their places of employment, even in the capitol of Addis Ababa, bodies are being left for the hyenas and millions are at risk. The infant mortality rate, or babies dying within the first month of life is now four times higher than it was just two years ago. Women are dying during pregnancy or within 42 days of giving birth at five times the rate before the war, and children under 5 are dying at twice the prewar rate" (para 6-7).more
Jan. 21, 2024, 10:46 a.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Russian troops are using rape as a weapon of war against Ukrainians, according to damning evidence collected by the UN...More than 100 cases of rape against Ukrainians during the eight-month war - but the true figure is almost certain to be higher" (para 1).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Russian troops are using rape as a weapon of war against Ukrainians, according to damning evidence collected by the UN...More than 100 cases of rape against Ukrainians during the eight-month war - but the true figure is almost certain to be higher" (para 1).
Sept. 25, 2023, 8:02 a.m.
Countries: Guyana
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"There were no reports that the government or its agents committed arbitrary or unlawful killings" (1). "There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities" (2). "There were reports that some displaced Venezuelan women experienced human rights abuses, including sexual exploitation, by government officials" (6).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"There were no reports that the government or its agents committed arbitrary or unlawful killings" (1). "There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities" (2). "There were reports that some displaced Venezuelan women experienced human rights abuses, including sexual exploitation, by government officials" (6).
Sept. 22, 2023, 8:51 a.m.
Countries: Angola
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities" (2).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities" (2).
July 30, 2023, 5:34 a.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Russian troops are using rape as a weapon of war against Ukrainians, according to damning evidence collected by the UN...More than 100 cases of rape against Ukrainians during the eight-month war - but the true figure is almost certain to be higher." (Parag. 1, 2)
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Russian troops are using rape as a weapon of war against Ukrainians, according to damning evidence collected by the UN...More than 100 cases of rape against Ukrainians during the eight-month war - but the true figure is almost certain to be higher." (Parag. 1, 2)
July 12, 2023, 10:34 p.m.
Countries: Russia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Russian troops are using rape as a weapon of war against Ukrainians, according to damning evidence collected by the UN...More than 100 cases of rape against Ukrainians during the eight-month war - but the true figure is almost certain to be higher." (Parag. 1, 2)
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Russian troops are using rape as a weapon of war against Ukrainians, according to damning evidence collected by the UN...More than 100 cases of rape against Ukrainians during the eight-month war - but the true figure is almost certain to be higher." (Parag. 1, 2)
June 27, 2023, 11:15 p.m.
Countries: Algeria
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"There were no reports that the government or its agents routinely committed arbitrary or unlawful killings… There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities" (2). "The Ministry of Justice did not provide figures about prosecutions of law enforcement officers for abuse during the year" (3).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"There were no reports that the government or its agents routinely committed arbitrary or unlawful killings… There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities" (2). "The Ministry of Justice did not provide figures about prosecutions of law enforcement officers for abuse during the year" (3).
Feb. 24, 2023, 12:54 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"As per the provision of the Act, the two commissions have made special arrangements to facilitate filing of complaints by children, senior citizens, PWDs and survivors of sexual violence, and to give testimony to the commission. The commissions are mandated to provide the service for witness and victim protection. The TRC has registered more than 58,000 complaints." (19).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"As per the provision of the Act, the two commissions have made special arrangements to facilitate filing of complaints by children, senior citizens, PWDs and survivors of sexual violence, and to give testimony to the commission. The commissions are mandated to provide the service for witness and victim protection. The TRC has registered more than 58,000 complaints." (19).
Feb. 5, 2023, 7:42 p.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"A Russian soldier who defected to the West has said Moscow's forces seemed to have 'Rambo Syndrome' as they raped and pillaged in Ukraine. Nikita Chibrin, 27, told of one horrific case where four of his fellow invading soldiers raped a mother and her daughter in the Ukrainian town of Andriivka." (para 1-2). "Chibrin served under the notorious commander Azatbek Omurbekov whose troops were accused of massacres and of raping of women and girls around Bucha." (para 4). "'Many found alcohol in [Ukrainian] houses and drank. There was a case in Andriivka when a mother and daughter were raped. Four men did it.' He denied that the sexual violence had...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"A Russian soldier who defected to the West has said Moscow's forces seemed to have 'Rambo Syndrome' as they raped and pillaged in Ukraine. Nikita Chibrin, 27, told of one horrific case where four of his fellow invading soldiers raped a mother and her daughter in the Ukrainian town of Andriivka." (para 1-2). "Chibrin served under the notorious commander Azatbek Omurbekov whose troops were accused of massacres and of raping of women and girls around Bucha." (para 4). "'Many found alcohol in [Ukrainian] houses and drank. There was a case in Andriivka when a mother and daughter were raped. Four men did it.' He denied that the sexual violence had...more
Feb. 5, 2023, 7:41 p.m.
Countries: Russia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"A Russian soldier who defected to the West has said Moscow's forces seemed to have 'Rambo Syndrome' as they raped and pillaged in Ukraine. Nikita Chibrin, 27, told of one horrific case where four of his fellow invading soldiers raped a mother and her daughter in the Ukrainian town of Andriivka." (para 1-2). "Chibrin served under the notorious commander Azatbek Omurbekov whose troops were accused of massacres and of raping of women and girls around Bucha." (para 4). "'Many found alcohol in [Ukrainian] houses and drank. There was a case in Andriivka when a mother and daughter were raped. Four men did it.' He denied that the sexual violence had...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"A Russian soldier who defected to the West has said Moscow's forces seemed to have 'Rambo Syndrome' as they raped and pillaged in Ukraine. Nikita Chibrin, 27, told of one horrific case where four of his fellow invading soldiers raped a mother and her daughter in the Ukrainian town of Andriivka." (para 1-2). "Chibrin served under the notorious commander Azatbek Omurbekov whose troops were accused of massacres and of raping of women and girls around Bucha." (para 4). "'Many found alcohol in [Ukrainian] houses and drank. There was a case in Andriivka when a mother and daughter were raped. Four men did it.' He denied that the sexual violence had...more
Feb. 5, 2023, 7:33 p.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"On her eighth or ninth day in Russian detention, Olha, a 26-year-old Ukrainian, was tied to a table, naked to the waist. For 15 minutes, her interrogator leveled obscenities at her, then threw a jacket over her and let seven other men into the room. 'It was to frighten,' she remembered. 'I did not know what would come next.' Sitting in Olha’s cramped kitchen weeks later in Kherson, in southern Ukraine, Anna Sosonska, an investigator with the prosecutor general’s office, listened to her recount the ordeal — an account of forced nudity that, prosecutors say, added to an accumulation of evidence that Russian forces had used sexual crimes as a...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"On her eighth or ninth day in Russian detention, Olha, a 26-year-old Ukrainian, was tied to a table, naked to the waist. For 15 minutes, her interrogator leveled obscenities at her, then threw a jacket over her and let seven other men into the room. 'It was to frighten,' she remembered. 'I did not know what would come next.' Sitting in Olha’s cramped kitchen weeks later in Kherson, in southern Ukraine, Anna Sosonska, an investigator with the prosecutor general’s office, listened to her recount the ordeal — an account of forced nudity that, prosecutors say, added to an accumulation of evidence that Russian forces had used sexual crimes as a...more
Feb. 5, 2023, 7:33 p.m.
Countries: Russia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"On her eighth or ninth day in Russian detention, Olha, a 26-year-old Ukrainian, was tied to a table, naked to the waist. For 15 minutes, her interrogator leveled obscenities at her, then threw a jacket over her and let seven other men into the room. 'It was to frighten,' she remembered. 'I did not know what would come next.' Sitting in Olha’s cramped kitchen weeks later in Kherson, in southern Ukraine, Anna Sosonska, an investigator with the prosecutor general’s office, listened to her recount the ordeal — an account of forced nudity that, prosecutors say, added to an accumulation of evidence that Russian forces had used sexual crimes as a...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"On her eighth or ninth day in Russian detention, Olha, a 26-year-old Ukrainian, was tied to a table, naked to the waist. For 15 minutes, her interrogator leveled obscenities at her, then threw a jacket over her and let seven other men into the room. 'It was to frighten,' she remembered. 'I did not know what would come next.' Sitting in Olha’s cramped kitchen weeks later in Kherson, in southern Ukraine, Anna Sosonska, an investigator with the prosecutor general’s office, listened to her recount the ordeal — an account of forced nudity that, prosecutors say, added to an accumulation of evidence that Russian forces had used sexual crimes as a...more
Jan. 12, 2023, 10:25 p.m.
Countries: Haiti
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Some victims and humanitarian workers said that some gang leaders use their authority to take the virginity of any young girl in their territory. 'Women’s bodies are weaponised,' said Rosy Auguste Ducena, programmes manager at the National Human Rights Network (RNDDH). 'It’s a symptom of the trivialisation of rape.' Rape was originally used as a weapon of control before Haiti gained independence in 1804, largely by colonial powers that enslaved the population and pillaged the land." (para 39-41).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Some victims and humanitarian workers said that some gang leaders use their authority to take the virginity of any young girl in their territory. 'Women’s bodies are weaponised,' said Rosy Auguste Ducena, programmes manager at the National Human Rights Network (RNDDH). 'It’s a symptom of the trivialisation of rape.' Rape was originally used as a weapon of control before Haiti gained independence in 1804, largely by colonial powers that enslaved the population and pillaged the land." (para 39-41).
Oct. 7, 2022, 12:27 a.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The world was horrified on Sunday by a picture taken by the photographer Mikhail Palinchak on a highway 20km outside the capital, Kyiv, in which the bodies of one man and three women were piled under a blanket. The women were naked and their bodies had been partially burned, the photographer said. The harrowing image adds to a mounting body of evidence that summary executions, rape and torture have been used against civilians in areas under Russian control since the Kremlin launched the invasion of its neighbour on 24 February." (2,3) "Rape and sexual assault are considered war crimes and a breach of international humanitarian law, and both Ukraine’s prosecutor...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The world was horrified on Sunday by a picture taken by the photographer Mikhail Palinchak on a highway 20km outside the capital, Kyiv, in which the bodies of one man and three women were piled under a blanket. The women were naked and their bodies had been partially burned, the photographer said. The harrowing image adds to a mounting body of evidence that summary executions, rape and torture have been used against civilians in areas under Russian control since the Kremlin launched the invasion of its neighbour on 24 February." (2,3) "Rape and sexual assault are considered war crimes and a breach of international humanitarian law, and both Ukraine’s prosecutor...more
June 29, 2022, 11:33 a.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The Committee, however, notes with concern: (a) The continuing climate of insecurity and allegations of gender-based violence being committed against women residing in conflict-affected areas, such as East Java and Papua provinces" (8).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The Committee, however, notes with concern: (a) The continuing climate of insecurity and allegations of gender-based violence being committed against women residing in conflict-affected areas, such as East Java and Papua provinces" (8).
May 16, 2022, 8:25 p.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The audio clip opens with the blue and yellow title: 'SECURITY SERVICE INTERCEPT: Wives of Russian invaders allow their men to rape Ukrainian women.' A women's voice is then heard: 'So yeah, do it over there,' she says. It then becomes clear what she is agreeing to. 'Ukrainian women there. Rape them. Yeah. 'Don't tell me anything, understand,' she adds with a shy laugh. A man's voice is then heard. 'Uh-huh,' he says. 'So I should rape and not tell you anything,' he asks, clarifying that the woman is giving him permission. 'Yes, so that I wouldn't know anything,' the women's voice says, before they are both heard laughing this...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The audio clip opens with the blue and yellow title: 'SECURITY SERVICE INTERCEPT: Wives of Russian invaders allow their men to rape Ukrainian women.' A women's voice is then heard: 'So yeah, do it over there,' she says. It then becomes clear what she is agreeing to. 'Ukrainian women there. Rape them. Yeah. 'Don't tell me anything, understand,' she adds with a shy laugh. A man's voice is then heard. 'Uh-huh,' he says. 'So I should rape and not tell you anything,' he asks, clarifying that the woman is giving him permission. 'Yes, so that I wouldn't know anything,' the women's voice says, before they are both heard laughing this...more
March 17, 2022, 9:21 a.m.
Countries: Russia
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1, GEW-DATA-1
"There is a “new wave of sexual violence”, with 11 reports from different women [in Ukraine] that they were raped by Russian soldiers in Kershon [in Ukraine], confirmed by a local gynaecologist. Of those 11, only five survived. Other reports of sexual violation by troops are being picked up by the UK media."
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1, GEW-DATA-1
"There is a “new wave of sexual violence”, with 11 reports from different women [in Ukraine] that they were raped by Russian soldiers in Kershon [in Ukraine], confirmed by a local gynaecologist. Of those 11, only five survived. Other reports of sexual violation by troops are being picked up by the UK media."
Feb. 24, 2022, 10:11 p.m.
Countries: Colombia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Violence against women, as well as impunity for perpetrators, continued to be a problem. Members of illegal armed groups, including former paramilitary members and guerrillas, also continued to rape and abuse women and children sexually" (24).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Violence against women, as well as impunity for perpetrators, continued to be a problem. Members of illegal armed groups, including former paramilitary members and guerrillas, also continued to rape and abuse women and children sexually" (24).
Feb. 11, 2022, 5:23 p.m.
Countries: Romania
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"According to the United Nations, three allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by Romanian peacekeepers reported in 2017 and 2018 were pending. All cases involved military observers deployed in UN Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo. One case involved the alleged sexual abuse (rape) of a minor...The other two cases involved alleged sexual exploitation (transactional sex)" (4).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"According to the United Nations, three allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse by Romanian peacekeepers reported in 2017 and 2018 were pending. All cases involved military observers deployed in UN Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo. One case involved the alleged sexual abuse (rape) of a minor...The other two cases involved alleged sexual exploitation (transactional sex)" (4).
Jan. 10, 2022, 10:08 a.m.
Countries: Philippines
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1, GEW-DATA-1
"Leftist and human rights activists continued to report harassment by local security forces, including abuse of detainees by police and prison officials. Rape was not generally used as a weapon of war, but the UN Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict identified three cases of rape by the Maute Group in 2018" (14).
Variables: GEW-PRACTICE-1, GEW-DATA-1
"Leftist and human rights activists continued to report harassment by local security forces, including abuse of detainees by police and prison officials. Rape was not generally used as a weapon of war, but the UN Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict identified three cases of rape by the Maute Group in 2018" (14).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Crimes against women and girls such as rape during the civil war was very common during the civil war - countless women were raped" (1).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"Crimes against women and girls such as rape during the civil war was very common during the civil war - countless women were raped" (1).
July 22, 2021, 4:40 p.m.
Countries: Nigeria
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"In February and March 2021, Amnesty International interviewed 22 people in a cluster of villages in northern Borno State that Boko Haram has repeatedly attacked since late 2019." (Para 2) "Survivors and witnesses described attacks involving sexual violence in at least five villages in the Magumeri local government area of Borno State. During raids, usually at night, Boko Haram fighters raped women and girls who were caught at home or trying to flee" (Para 8). "The same healer had previously treated two other survivors, including one who was under 18 years old, after a Boko Haram attack on another village. She said: 'I could see the pain on their faces....more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"In February and March 2021, Amnesty International interviewed 22 people in a cluster of villages in northern Borno State that Boko Haram has repeatedly attacked since late 2019." (Para 2) "Survivors and witnesses described attacks involving sexual violence in at least five villages in the Magumeri local government area of Borno State. During raids, usually at night, Boko Haram fighters raped women and girls who were caught at home or trying to flee" (Para 8). "The same healer had previously treated two other survivors, including one who was under 18 years old, after a Boko Haram attack on another village. She said: 'I could see the pain on their faces....more
June 29, 2021, 4:07 p.m.
Countries: Malawi
Variables: LRW-DATA-1, GEW-DATA-1
"During violence that followed presidential elections in 2019, police were deployed to a township in the capital Lilongwe. Security personnel used teargas and attacked the public. The NGO Gender Coordination Network (NGO-GCN) documented accounts from women and girls from the area who said they had been sexually assaulted by officers" (para 5-6).
Variables: LRW-DATA-1, GEW-DATA-1
"During violence that followed presidential elections in 2019, police were deployed to a township in the capital Lilongwe. Security personnel used teargas and attacked the public. The NGO Gender Coordination Network (NGO-GCN) documented accounts from women and girls from the area who said they had been sexually assaulted by officers" (para 5-6).
June 29, 2021, 11:26 a.m.
Countries: D R Congo
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"As of October 24, the United Nations reported that it had received 15 allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse against military, police, and civilian personnel deployed with MONUSCO during the year. Nine of these cases involved allegations of transactional sex; four involved allegations of an exploitative relationship; one involved the sexual assault of a child; and one involved the alleged rape of a child. As of October 24, all investigations were pending" (p 6). "The United Nations reported that it received one allegation during the year of sexual exploitation and abuse against DRC peacekeepers serving outside the DRC. The allegation of transactional sex, alleged to have taken place at an...more
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"As of October 24, the United Nations reported that it had received 15 allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse against military, police, and civilian personnel deployed with MONUSCO during the year. Nine of these cases involved allegations of transactional sex; four involved allegations of an exploitative relationship; one involved the sexual assault of a child; and one involved the alleged rape of a child. As of October 24, all investigations were pending" (p 6). "The United Nations reported that it received one allegation during the year of sexual exploitation and abuse against DRC peacekeepers serving outside the DRC. The allegation of transactional sex, alleged to have taken place at an...more
June 25, 2021, 6:47 p.m.
Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The woman, 27, is among hundreds who have reported that they were subjected to horrific sexual violence by Ethiopian and allied Eritrean soldiers after fighting broke out in November in the mountainous northern region of Ethiopia. Eight other doctors at five public hospitals said most of the rape victims described their attackers as either Ethiopian government soldiers or Eritrean troops" (para 13-14). "At least 829 cases of sexual assault have been reported at the five hospitals since the conflict in Tigray began, though Fasika believes these cases are only the tip of the iceberg, especially because of the stigma surrounding rape" (para 17).
Variables: GEW-DATA-1
"The woman, 27, is among hundreds who have reported that they were subjected to horrific sexual violence by Ethiopian and allied Eritrean soldiers after fighting broke out in November in the mountainous northern region of Ethiopia. Eight other doctors at five public hospitals said most of the rape victims described their attackers as either Ethiopian government soldiers or Eritrean troops" (para 13-14). "At least 829 cases of sexual assault have been reported at the five hospitals since the conflict in Tigray began, though Fasika believes these cases are only the tip of the iceberg, especially because of the stigma surrounding rape" (para 17).