Latest items for IIP-LAW-2
March 8, 2023, 1:43 p.m.
Countries: Montenegro
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Stalking is introduced as a new criminal offense with special forms of this offense committed against a former spouse or common-law partner, a minor, a pregnant woman, or a person with a disability" (11).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Stalking is introduced as a new criminal offense with special forms of this offense committed against a former spouse or common-law partner, a minor, a pregnant woman, or a person with a disability" (11).
March 4, 2023, 7:01 a.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"As a result of the social resistance against this issue, the Egyptian government amended the country’s penal code in 2021 turning sexual harassment from a misdemeanor into a felony and increasing the severity of punishment" (Para. 10).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"As a result of the social resistance against this issue, the Egyptian government amended the country’s penal code in 2021 turning sexual harassment from a misdemeanor into a felony and increasing the severity of punishment" (Para. 10).
Feb. 24, 2023, 12:54 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual Harassment at Workplace (Offence and Punishment) Act, 2014 is being implemented to end all forms of sexual harassment against women at workplaces. In line with the SC’s order, Procedural Guidelines on the Prevention of Sexual Harassment against Working Women at Workplaces like cabin restaurants and dance bars is in operation with an aim to develop women employee’s capacity and confidence to be resilient against all forms of sexual harassment, awareness raising, utilizing a confidential and safe system for filing complaints, and facilitating delivery of justice at the workplace." (15).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual Harassment at Workplace (Offence and Punishment) Act, 2014 is being implemented to end all forms of sexual harassment against women at workplaces. In line with the SC’s order, Procedural Guidelines on the Prevention of Sexual Harassment against Working Women at Workplaces like cabin restaurants and dance bars is in operation with an aim to develop women employee’s capacity and confidence to be resilient against all forms of sexual harassment, awareness raising, utilizing a confidential and safe system for filing complaints, and facilitating delivery of justice at the workplace." (15).
Feb. 18, 2023, 11:11 a.m.
Countries: South Korea
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"In June of this year, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport allowed taxi ride-sharing services for the first time after the practice was prohibited in 1982. However, except for van-type cabs which accommodate five passengers and more, ride-sharing is limited only between people of the same sex." (Para.9). " 'The separation of genders is not a fundamental solution,' said Yun. 'What women need more are robust laws and measures to tackle gender-based violence along with adequate protection measures.' " (Para.19) CC(statement indicates that the country does not have proper laws that could protect women from gender based violence).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"In June of this year, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport allowed taxi ride-sharing services for the first time after the practice was prohibited in 1982. However, except for van-type cabs which accommodate five passengers and more, ride-sharing is limited only between people of the same sex." (Para.9). " 'The separation of genders is not a fundamental solution,' said Yun. 'What women need more are robust laws and measures to tackle gender-based violence along with adequate protection measures.' " (Para.19) CC(statement indicates that the country does not have proper laws that could protect women from gender based violence).
Feb. 18, 2023, 10:25 a.m.
Countries: China
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Huang Simin, a mainland-based rights lawyer who has worked on cases related to gender violence ... said 'Because China has few laws that explicitly address gender-based violence...many people do not have the framework to understand the attack in terms of gender. The attackers were charged with 'picking quarrels and provoking trouble' and intentional assault." (Para.18-20).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Huang Simin, a mainland-based rights lawyer who has worked on cases related to gender violence ... said 'Because China has few laws that explicitly address gender-based violence...many people do not have the framework to understand the attack in terms of gender. The attackers were charged with 'picking quarrels and provoking trouble' and intentional assault." (Para.18-20).
Feb. 18, 2023, 10:18 a.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Rape prosecutions fell nearly 60% in four years to 2,102 in 2019-20 even as the number of reports to police increased. Figures published last year showed the proportion of rape complainants dropping out of cases had risen from 25% to 43% over a five-year period to December 2020. Edwards said one of the reasons women were dropping out were because of intrusive information collection" (Para.6). (John Edwards, the UK information commissioner). "Jayne Butler, the CEO of Rape Crisis England and Wales, said the recommendations 'have the potential to drastically improve the experiences of victims and survivors going through the criminal justice process. If implemented, these changes could support the police...more
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Rape prosecutions fell nearly 60% in four years to 2,102 in 2019-20 even as the number of reports to police increased. Figures published last year showed the proportion of rape complainants dropping out of cases had risen from 25% to 43% over a five-year period to December 2020. Edwards said one of the reasons women were dropping out were because of intrusive information collection" (Para.6). (John Edwards, the UK information commissioner). "Jayne Butler, the CEO of Rape Crisis England and Wales, said the recommendations 'have the potential to drastically improve the experiences of victims and survivors going through the criminal justice process. If implemented, these changes could support the police...more
Feb. 4, 2023, 6:14 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"This Act includes a comprehensive list of detrimental actions that a whistle - blower should be protected from including dismissal, redundancy, demotion, transfer or refusal to transfer, disciplinary action, discriminatory treatment, and change in working conditions. The Act also recognises that detrimental action can also be taken against a person associated with or related to a whistle-blower. It is not only applicable to government and its officials but also covers the non-state sector." (5) (NF - CODER COMMENT - Though not explicitly stated, this act can also apply to sexual harassment and other forms of harassment within the work place and other public spaces). "However, several pieces of legislation are...more
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"This Act includes a comprehensive list of detrimental actions that a whistle - blower should be protected from including dismissal, redundancy, demotion, transfer or refusal to transfer, disciplinary action, discriminatory treatment, and change in working conditions. The Act also recognises that detrimental action can also be taken against a person associated with or related to a whistle-blower. It is not only applicable to government and its officials but also covers the non-state sector." (5) (NF - CODER COMMENT - Though not explicitly stated, this act can also apply to sexual harassment and other forms of harassment within the work place and other public spaces). "However, several pieces of legislation are...more
Feb. 2, 2023, 2:39 p.m.
Countries: United States
Variables: PRN-LAW-1, IIP-LAW-2
"In many US states including New York, revenge porn laws are stronger today than they were just a few years ago" (para 5). "Nearly all 50 states now have laws that outlaw nonconsensual pornography, or revenge porn. Most states make it a criminal offense to disseminate intimate images of someone if the defendant acted with intent to harm. In New York City, a law passed in 2017 goes even further, making it a crime to even threaten to send revenge porn. Victims can also go to family court and get a civil restraining order directing offenders to destroy the victims’ intimate images in their possession, or face arrest if they...more
Variables: PRN-LAW-1, IIP-LAW-2
"In many US states including New York, revenge porn laws are stronger today than they were just a few years ago" (para 5). "Nearly all 50 states now have laws that outlaw nonconsensual pornography, or revenge porn. Most states make it a criminal offense to disseminate intimate images of someone if the defendant acted with intent to harm. In New York City, a law passed in 2017 goes even further, making it a crime to even threaten to send revenge porn. Victims can also go to family court and get a civil restraining order directing offenders to destroy the victims’ intimate images in their possession, or face arrest if they...more
Dec. 28, 2022, 8:06 p.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Indonesia has passed a landmark bill that for the first time outlaws…sexual harassment…[T]he House of Representatives passed the long-awaited legislation that criminialises nine forms of sexual violence, including physical and verbal assault, harrassment, forced sterilisation and exploitation. The new law includes 15-year prison sentences for sexual exploitation, nine years for forced marriage and four years for circulating non-consensual sexual content" (para 1, 2, 3).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Indonesia has passed a landmark bill that for the first time outlaws…sexual harassment…[T]he House of Representatives passed the long-awaited legislation that criminialises nine forms of sexual violence, including physical and verbal assault, harrassment, forced sterilisation and exploitation. The new law includes 15-year prison sentences for sexual exploitation, nine years for forced marriage and four years for circulating non-consensual sexual content" (para 1, 2, 3).
Dec. 8, 2022, 3:20 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sirajuddin Haqqani, Afghanistan's acting interior minister and Taliban co-deputy leader, joked his government will 'keep naughty women at home', referring to women who 'are controlled by other sides to question the current government' during an interview with CNN" (para 9). "Taliban leaders introduced regulations such as limiting women's movement without a male chaperone…The decree said that women should leave the home only when necessary" (para 19).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sirajuddin Haqqani, Afghanistan's acting interior minister and Taliban co-deputy leader, joked his government will 'keep naughty women at home', referring to women who 'are controlled by other sides to question the current government' during an interview with CNN" (para 9). "Taliban leaders introduced regulations such as limiting women's movement without a male chaperone…The decree said that women should leave the home only when necessary" (para 19).
Nov. 30, 2022, 7:53 a.m.
Countries: Egypt
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"As a result of the social resistance against this issue, the Egyptian government amended the country’s penal code in 2021 turning sexual harassment from a misdemeanor into a felony and increasing the severity of punishment" (Para. 10).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"As a result of the social resistance against this issue, the Egyptian government amended the country’s penal code in 2021 turning sexual harassment from a misdemeanor into a felony and increasing the severity of punishment" (Para. 10).
July 6, 2022, 10:35 a.m.
Countries: Djibouti
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The adoption of Act No. 221/AN/17/8 L amending and supplementing Act No. 133/AN/05/5 L of 28 January 2006 on the Labour Code of 25 June 2018, which prohibits sexual harassment, which is now punishable by a fine of one to two million Djibouti francs and a term of one month of imprisonment. A repeat offence shall be punishable by a term of two months of imprisonment or a doubled fine, or both" (13).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The adoption of Act No. 221/AN/17/8 L amending and supplementing Act No. 133/AN/05/5 L of 28 January 2006 on the Labour Code of 25 June 2018, which prohibits sexual harassment, which is now punishable by a fine of one to two million Djibouti francs and a term of one month of imprisonment. A repeat offence shall be punishable by a term of two months of imprisonment or a doubled fine, or both" (13).
June 14, 2022, 5:24 p.m.
Countries: Denmark
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The Government has taken initiatives to prevent sexual harassment in the digital realm, including with a package of initiatives against digital sexual abuse launched in 2017. For example, the maximum penalty for sharing intimate photographs or videos of others without consent has been increased from six months to a term not exceeding three years under aggravating circumstances. The maximum fine for indecent exposure such as unsolicited sharing of intimate photos of oneself has been doubled. Also, the Government has taken action to educate police personnel to better handle reports of digital sexual violations, and the police has recently launched a digital platform to make it easier to report digital sexual...more
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The Government has taken initiatives to prevent sexual harassment in the digital realm, including with a package of initiatives against digital sexual abuse launched in 2017. For example, the maximum penalty for sharing intimate photographs or videos of others without consent has been increased from six months to a term not exceeding three years under aggravating circumstances. The maximum fine for indecent exposure such as unsolicited sharing of intimate photos of oneself has been doubled. Also, the Government has taken action to educate police personnel to better handle reports of digital sexual violations, and the police has recently launched a digital platform to make it easier to report digital sexual...more
May 27, 2022, 11:45 a.m.
Countries: Serbia
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment of men and women is a crime punishable by imprisonment for up to six months in cases that do not involve domestic abuse or a power relationship" (26).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment of men and women is a crime punishable by imprisonment for up to six months in cases that do not involve domestic abuse or a power relationship" (26).
May 16, 2022, 8:09 p.m.
Countries: Suriname
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Adoption of the law on stalking (2012). According to this law preventive measures can be taken by the public prosecutor to protect a potential victim. Information about this law has been provided through the domestic violence networks that are installed by the foundation Stop Violence against Women in 5 districts. Furthermore, the text of this law has been disseminated to visitors of an information fair in the District of Commewijne. Apart from this specific legislation, the penal code has been simultaneously amended. A new provision regarding stalking has been added, which punishes the stalker with a maximum of 4 years of prison and a fine of maximum SRD 50.000" (8)....more
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Adoption of the law on stalking (2012). According to this law preventive measures can be taken by the public prosecutor to protect a potential victim. Information about this law has been provided through the domestic violence networks that are installed by the foundation Stop Violence against Women in 5 districts. Furthermore, the text of this law has been disseminated to visitors of an information fair in the District of Commewijne. Apart from this specific legislation, the penal code has been simultaneously amended. A new provision regarding stalking has been added, which punishes the stalker with a maximum of 4 years of prison and a fine of maximum SRD 50.000" (8)....more
March 28, 2022, 8:57 p.m.
Countries: Latvia
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law, as amended during the year, allows police to investigate domestic violence without a victim’s prior approval and criminalizes stalking" (12).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law, as amended during the year, allows police to investigate domestic violence without a victim’s prior approval and criminalizes stalking" (12).
March 25, 2022, 10:05 p.m.
Countries: Kosovo
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"While the criminal code includes the offense of sexual harassment, it does not contain a specific standard or definition" (24).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"While the criminal code includes the offense of sexual harassment, it does not contain a specific standard or definition" (24).
March 25, 2022, 9:33 p.m.
Countries: Armenia
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2, IIP-LAW-2
"[T]he law addresses lewd acts and indecent behavior, it does not specifically prohibit sexual harassment" (30).
Variables: ERBG-LAW-2, IIP-LAW-2
"[T]he law addresses lewd acts and indecent behavior, it does not specifically prohibit sexual harassment" (30).
March 25, 2022, 8:54 p.m.
Countries: United Arab Emirates
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The government prosecutes harassment via the penal code. Conviction of 'disgracing or dishonoring' a person in public is punishable by a minimum of one year and up to 15 years in prison if the victim is younger than age 14. Conviction for 'infamous' acts against the rules of decency is punishable by a penalty of six months in prison, and 'dishonoring a woman by word or deed on a public roadway' is also a punishable offense. The government generally enforced this law" (28).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The government prosecutes harassment via the penal code. Conviction of 'disgracing or dishonoring' a person in public is punishable by a minimum of one year and up to 15 years in prison if the victim is younger than age 14. Conviction for 'infamous' acts against the rules of decency is punishable by a penalty of six months in prison, and 'dishonoring a woman by word or deed on a public roadway' is also a punishable offense. The government generally enforced this law" (28).
March 15, 2022, 11:02 a.m.
Countries: Lithuania
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2, IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment. On February 18, the media reported that several female cyclists had endured years of sexual harassment by Antanas Jakimavicius, the coach of the national cycling team. In response, Minister of Education, Science, and Sport Algirdas Monkevicius, president of the Lithuanian National Olympic Committee Daina Gudzineviciute, and the heads of the Lithuanian Cycling Federation organized a discussion on how to prevent sexual harassment in sports" (12).
Variables: IIP-PRACTICE-2, IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment. On February 18, the media reported that several female cyclists had endured years of sexual harassment by Antanas Jakimavicius, the coach of the national cycling team. In response, Minister of Education, Science, and Sport Algirdas Monkevicius, president of the Lithuanian National Olympic Committee Daina Gudzineviciute, and the heads of the Lithuanian Cycling Federation organized a discussion on how to prevent sexual harassment in sports" (12).
March 10, 2022, 10:53 p.m.
Countries: Lebanon
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment, but authorities did not enforce the law effectively, and it remained a widespread problem" (32).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment, but authorities did not enforce the law effectively, and it remained a widespread problem" (32).
March 10, 2022, 9:58 a.m.
Countries: Peru
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment remained a serious problem. Sexual harassment is defined as comments, touching, or actions of a sexual nature that are unsolicited and unwanted by victim. It is a crime with a penalty of up to eight years in prison. Sexual harassment is also a labor rights violation subject to administrative penalties. Government enforcement of laws against sexual harassment remained minimal, although awareness was growing" (14).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment remained a serious problem. Sexual harassment is defined as comments, touching, or actions of a sexual nature that are unsolicited and unwanted by victim. It is a crime with a penalty of up to eight years in prison. Sexual harassment is also a labor rights violation subject to administrative penalties. Government enforcement of laws against sexual harassment remained minimal, although awareness was growing" (14).
March 4, 2022, 6:57 p.m.
Countries: Fiji
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment, and the government used criminal law against 'indecent assaults on females,' which prohibits offending the modesty of women, to prosecute sexual harassment cases. Sexual harassment was a significant problem" (16).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment, and the government used criminal law against 'indecent assaults on females,' which prohibits offending the modesty of women, to prosecute sexual harassment cases. Sexual harassment was a significant problem" (16).
March 3, 2022, 3:59 p.m.
Countries: China
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Still, some women remain optimistic about the possible power of the proposed changes" (Para. 25). "A woman in southern Guangdong Province who asked to use only her last name, Han, out of fears for her safety, said that she had endured years of physical and emotional abuse by her ex-husband. Even though she managed to secure a divorce last year, he continues to stalk and threaten her, she said. She obtained a restraining order, viewed by The New York Times, that cited chat logs and recordings. Yet even with the restraining order, when Ms. Han called the police, they often told her that threats alone were not enough for them...more
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Still, some women remain optimistic about the possible power of the proposed changes" (Para. 25). "A woman in southern Guangdong Province who asked to use only her last name, Han, out of fears for her safety, said that she had endured years of physical and emotional abuse by her ex-husband. Even though she managed to secure a divorce last year, he continues to stalk and threaten her, she said. She obtained a restraining order, viewed by The New York Times, that cited chat logs and recordings. Yet even with the restraining order, when Ms. Han called the police, they often told her that threats alone were not enough for them...more
Feb. 28, 2022, 4:35 p.m.
Countries: El Salvador
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment and establishes sentences of five to eight years’ imprisonment. Courts may impose fines in addition in cases in which the perpetrator held a position of trust or authority over the victim"(19).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment and establishes sentences of five to eight years’ imprisonment. Courts may impose fines in addition in cases in which the perpetrator held a position of trust or authority over the victim"(19).
Feb. 23, 2022, 3:02 p.m.
Countries: Senegal
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law mandates prison terms of five months to three years and fines of 50,000 to 500,000 CFA francs ($85 to $850) for sexual harassment, but the problem was widespread. The government did not effectively enforce the law" (15).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law mandates prison terms of five months to three years and fines of 50,000 to 500,000 CFA francs ($85 to $850) for sexual harassment, but the problem was widespread. The government did not effectively enforce the law" (15).
Feb. 17, 2022, 11:59 a.m.
Countries: Paraguay
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment and stipulates a penalty of two years in prison or a fine, although sexual harassment remained a widespread problem for many women, especially in workplace environments…" (14).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"The law prohibits sexual harassment and stipulates a penalty of two years in prison or a fine, although sexual harassment remained a widespread problem for many women, especially in workplace environments…" (14).
Feb. 11, 2022, 5 p.m.
Countries: Thailand
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment is illegal in both the public and private sectors. The law specifies maximum fines of THB 20,000 ($666) for those convicted of sexual harassment, while abuse categorized as an indecent act may result in a maximum 15 years’ imprisonment and a maximum fine of THB 30,000 ($1,000)... NGOs claimed the legal definition of harassment was vague and prosecution of harassment claims difficult, leading to ineffective enforcement of the law" (32).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment is illegal in both the public and private sectors. The law specifies maximum fines of THB 20,000 ($666) for those convicted of sexual harassment, while abuse categorized as an indecent act may result in a maximum 15 years’ imprisonment and a maximum fine of THB 30,000 ($1,000)... NGOs claimed the legal definition of harassment was vague and prosecution of harassment claims difficult, leading to ineffective enforcement of the law" (32).
Feb. 5, 2022, 9:24 a.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1, IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment remained pervasive in business, government, schools, and broadly in society. There is no legislation on sexual harassment in public places outside of schools. By law a teacher who abuses or sexually harasses a student through orders, threats, or coercion may be fined up to 20 times the teacher’s monthly salary" (15-16).
Variables: ERBG-PRACTICE-1, IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment remained pervasive in business, government, schools, and broadly in society. There is no legislation on sexual harassment in public places outside of schools. By law a teacher who abuses or sexually harasses a student through orders, threats, or coercion may be fined up to 20 times the teacher’s monthly salary" (15-16).
Feb. 2, 2022, 12:28 p.m.
Countries: Madagascar
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment is against the law, and penalties range from one to three years’ imprisonment and a fine of one to four million ariary ($270 to $1,100). The penalty increases to two to five years’ imprisonment plus a fine of two to 10 million ariary ($540 to $2,700) if criminals forced or pressured the victim into sexual acts or punished the victim for refusing such advances. Authorities enforced the law, but sexual harassment was widespread" (20).
Variables: IIP-LAW-2
"Sexual harassment is against the law, and penalties range from one to three years’ imprisonment and a fine of one to four million ariary ($270 to $1,100). The penalty increases to two to five years’ imprisonment plus a fine of two to 10 million ariary ($540 to $2,700) if criminals forced or pressured the victim into sexual acts or punished the victim for refusing such advances. Authorities enforced the law, but sexual harassment was widespread" (20).