Latest items for IRP-PRACTICE-1
Feb. 18, 2023, 11:08 a.m.
Countries: Malawi
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Maggie’s case is emblematic of a wider issue with Malawi’s response to sex trafficking. Malawi is a source, destination, and transit country. Women and girls are trafficked from Malawi to the broader Southern Africa region and to parts of Europe and the Middle East. It is also a destination country for women and girls trafficked from other African countries such as Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia" (Para.7). "Traffickers capitalize on the vulnerabilities created by poverty, minimal education levels, unemployment, and a general lack of economic opportunities. They often lure their victims by promising employment and education opportunities. Within Malawi, sexually exploited girls and women may be made to work at local...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Maggie’s case is emblematic of a wider issue with Malawi’s response to sex trafficking. Malawi is a source, destination, and transit country. Women and girls are trafficked from Malawi to the broader Southern Africa region and to parts of Europe and the Middle East. It is also a destination country for women and girls trafficked from other African countries such as Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia" (Para.7). "Traffickers capitalize on the vulnerabilities created by poverty, minimal education levels, unemployment, and a general lack of economic opportunities. They often lure their victims by promising employment and education opportunities. Within Malawi, sexually exploited girls and women may be made to work at local...more
Feb. 6, 2023, 12:07 p.m.
Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee [on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women]…notes with concern…the lack of dissemination and implementation of Order No. 946-r of 14 December 2017 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, particularly concerning the prevention of forced HIV testing of women in prostitution" (6-7). This indicates that in practice, female prostitutes are subject to forced HIV testing which suggests that prostitution is not accepted in society (AMC - CODER COMMENT).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee [on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women]…notes with concern…the lack of dissemination and implementation of Order No. 946-r of 14 December 2017 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, particularly concerning the prevention of forced HIV testing of women in prostitution" (6-7). This indicates that in practice, female prostitutes are subject to forced HIV testing which suggests that prostitution is not accepted in society (AMC - CODER COMMENT).
Feb. 5, 2023, 8 p.m.
Countries: New Zealand
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The cultural attitude that prostitution should be empowering to the women means that women are blamed for being disempowered as if they’re some kind of failure at their job or they are seen as mentally ill if they acknowledge that it’s not empowering." (para 34). "Decriminalising it has destigmatised buyers and pimps. They’re legitimate businessmen – the guys running the brothels. The women are very much still stigmatised – because that has to happen in order for them to think it’s OK to treat us like this – we have to be dehumanised. So, it’s not likely that you would put on your CV that I worked at this establishment...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The cultural attitude that prostitution should be empowering to the women means that women are blamed for being disempowered as if they’re some kind of failure at their job or they are seen as mentally ill if they acknowledge that it’s not empowering." (para 34). "Decriminalising it has destigmatised buyers and pimps. They’re legitimate businessmen – the guys running the brothels. The women are very much still stigmatised – because that has to happen in order for them to think it’s OK to treat us like this – we have to be dehumanised. So, it’s not likely that you would put on your CV that I worked at this establishment...more
Feb. 4, 2023, 6:14 p.m.
Countries: Namibia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"There have been numerous cases in Namibia where violence between intimate partners ends with the murder of one of them, sometimes followed by the suicide of the abuser. Such murders arise from jealousy or revenge, or a refusal on the part of the abuser to accept the end of a sexual relationship. Apart from intimate partner violence; different forms of violence are committed against women and girls including domestic violence, rape and other forms of sexual abuse, sexual harassment at work and school, some forms of trafficking in persons, forced prostitution, child marriages and some certain harmful traditional practices such as widow deprived of the property she shared with her...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"There have been numerous cases in Namibia where violence between intimate partners ends with the murder of one of them, sometimes followed by the suicide of the abuser. Such murders arise from jealousy or revenge, or a refusal on the part of the abuser to accept the end of a sexual relationship. Apart from intimate partner violence; different forms of violence are committed against women and girls including domestic violence, rape and other forms of sexual abuse, sexual harassment at work and school, some forms of trafficking in persons, forced prostitution, child marriages and some certain harmful traditional practices such as widow deprived of the property she shared with her...more
Feb. 4, 2023, 6:05 p.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In a building that boasts six lawyers’ offices, a media company, a property firm and a psychotherapist, no-one had seen the murderer flee. Within minutes he struck again, this time stabbing Marta Castaño Torres, 65, in her nearby basement apartment where she hosted clients so she could send money back to her children in Colombia." (para 5). "At Via Riboty and Via Durazzo, many neighbours of the murder victims said they had no idea the women were plying their trade in their flats, although one mother living above Castaño Torres told The Times she had seen a stream of well dressed men heading for her apartment. 'They looked like family...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"In a building that boasts six lawyers’ offices, a media company, a property firm and a psychotherapist, no-one had seen the murderer flee. Within minutes he struck again, this time stabbing Marta Castaño Torres, 65, in her nearby basement apartment where she hosted clients so she could send money back to her children in Colombia." (para 5). "At Via Riboty and Via Durazzo, many neighbours of the murder victims said they had no idea the women were plying their trade in their flats, although one mother living above Castaño Torres told The Times she had seen a stream of well dressed men heading for her apartment. 'They looked like family...more
Feb. 4, 2023, 8:40 a.m.
Countries: Iraq
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, IRP-DATA-2
"[S]ince the invasion of Iraq in 2003, up to 10,000 women and girls have been kidnapped or trafficked for purposes of sexual exploitation or held for ransom…[I]nternal and cross-border trafficking in women and children in the State party has increased" (7).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, IRP-DATA-2
"[S]ince the invasion of Iraq in 2003, up to 10,000 women and girls have been kidnapped or trafficked for purposes of sexual exploitation or held for ransom…[I]nternal and cross-border trafficking in women and children in the State party has increased" (7).
Feb. 2, 2023, 1:11 p.m.
Countries: Austria
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee notes with concern that:... (f) the structural violence and exclusion faced by foreign women in prostitution, in particular those in an irregular situation, and the lack of measures taken by the State party to provide exit programmes and alternative income -generating opportunities to women who wish to leave prostitution" (6-7). "The committee recommends that the State Party:...(g) Regularly review the situation of foreign women who are engaged in prostitution, in order to protect them, and strengthen the assistance provided to women and girls who wish to leave prostitution, including by providing exit programmes and alternative income-generating opportunities" (7).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee notes with concern that:... (f) the structural violence and exclusion faced by foreign women in prostitution, in particular those in an irregular situation, and the lack of measures taken by the State party to provide exit programmes and alternative income -generating opportunities to women who wish to leave prostitution" (6-7). "The committee recommends that the State Party:...(g) Regularly review the situation of foreign women who are engaged in prostitution, in order to protect them, and strengthen the assistance provided to women and girls who wish to leave prostitution, including by providing exit programmes and alternative income-generating opportunities" (7).
Jan. 18, 2023, 11:12 p.m.
Countries: Afghanistan
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, DSFMF-PRACTICE-1
"[A]pproximately 850,000 girls had so far dropped out of school, placing them at risk of child marriage and sexual economic exploitation" (para 9).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, DSFMF-PRACTICE-1
"[A]pproximately 850,000 girls had so far dropped out of school, placing them at risk of child marriage and sexual economic exploitation" (para 9).
Jan. 12, 2023, 9:51 p.m.
Countries: Nepal
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Since Thapa had come back from a brothel, she was hounded out by the community in her native village in Sindhupalchowk, about 75 km away from Kathmandu." (para 4) (NF - CODER COMMENT - Even when she was able to escape the brothel, her community would not accept her). "Almost everything is for sale after 9 pm on the streets of Thamel in Kathmandu when the night clubs open up. With the kind of sights and services the small bars offers, Thamel could be equalled to a mini Las Vegas or Amsterdam for Indian men on solo or all-men group trips." "Innumerable agents, often boys as young as 14-15 years...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Since Thapa had come back from a brothel, she was hounded out by the community in her native village in Sindhupalchowk, about 75 km away from Kathmandu." (para 4) (NF - CODER COMMENT - Even when she was able to escape the brothel, her community would not accept her). "Almost everything is for sale after 9 pm on the streets of Thamel in Kathmandu when the night clubs open up. With the kind of sights and services the small bars offers, Thamel could be equalled to a mini Las Vegas or Amsterdam for Indian men on solo or all-men group trips." "Innumerable agents, often boys as young as 14-15 years...more
Jan. 12, 2023, 2 p.m.
Countries: Gambia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, ATDW-PRACTICE-1
"A respondent who had previously conducted research on sex work explained that during his research he came across several female sex workers who were infertile. Following divorce, these women were pushed into prostitution, because their families had refused to take them back into the compound, leaving them with no place to live nor resources to rely on" (para 27).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, ATDW-PRACTICE-1
"A respondent who had previously conducted research on sex work explained that during his research he came across several female sex workers who were infertile. Following divorce, these women were pushed into prostitution, because their families had refused to take them back into the compound, leaving them with no place to live nor resources to rely on" (para 27).
Dec. 19, 2022, 4:48 p.m.
Countries: Haiti
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
" 'Workers are not considered as humans or as needing rights,' says Yannick Etienne, of the workers’ rights organisation Batay Ouvriye. 'The pay is so low that it puts women in situations where they have to accept [forced] sex in order to pay their rent' " (para 11). "Female garment factory workers the Guardian spoke to confirm that to get a job – which has become harder because so many people are looking for work – women are expected to have sex with a male manager" (para 13). " 'If you don’t accept to have sex with the manager, your application will be rejected,' one worker says, adding that she...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
" 'Workers are not considered as humans or as needing rights,' says Yannick Etienne, of the workers’ rights organisation Batay Ouvriye. 'The pay is so low that it puts women in situations where they have to accept [forced] sex in order to pay their rent' " (para 11). "Female garment factory workers the Guardian spoke to confirm that to get a job – which has become harder because so many people are looking for work – women are expected to have sex with a male manager" (para 13). " 'If you don’t accept to have sex with the manager, your application will be rejected,' one worker says, adding that she...more
Dec. 17, 2022, 10:07 p.m.
Countries: Venezuela
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Documented cases show that state officials committed acts against women who were arbitrarily detained for political reasons...engaging with them in sexual acts in exchange for goods and privileges" (para 23). The exchange of goods and privileges indicates that some women are pushed to choose to sell their body while in this position (MV- coder comment).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Documented cases show that state officials committed acts against women who were arbitrarily detained for political reasons...engaging with them in sexual acts in exchange for goods and privileges" (para 23). The exchange of goods and privileges indicates that some women are pushed to choose to sell their body while in this position (MV- coder comment).
July 6, 2022, 10:35 a.m.
Countries: Djibouti
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Specific measures adopted by the Government as part of a strategy to accelerate the achievement of substantive equality between men and women, particularly in the areas of education, justice and decision-making, include the enactment of a new law on the protection and prevention of violence against women, as well as other measures to combat female genital mutilation, trafficking and prostitution" (12).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Specific measures adopted by the Government as part of a strategy to accelerate the achievement of substantive equality between men and women, particularly in the areas of education, justice and decision-making, include the enactment of a new law on the protection and prevention of violence against women, as well as other measures to combat female genital mutilation, trafficking and prostitution" (12).
June 29, 2022, 11:33 a.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee notes with concern: (a) The exploitation of women and girls in prostitution in the State party, including during the COVID-19 pandemic; (b) The social stigma and widespread discrimination and violence experienced by women in prostitution, including transgender women" (9). "The Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Address the root causes of prostitution, such as poverty and structural gender inequalities, as well as the demand for prostitution, and adopt targeted measures to prevent women in vulnerable situations from being exploited in prostitution... Investigate and prosecute cases of gender-based violence and discrimination against women in prostitution, bring perpetrators to justice, and de-stigmatize women and girls in prostitution through gender-sensitive...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee notes with concern: (a) The exploitation of women and girls in prostitution in the State party, including during the COVID-19 pandemic; (b) The social stigma and widespread discrimination and violence experienced by women in prostitution, including transgender women" (9). "The Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Address the root causes of prostitution, such as poverty and structural gender inequalities, as well as the demand for prostitution, and adopt targeted measures to prevent women in vulnerable situations from being exploited in prostitution... Investigate and prosecute cases of gender-based violence and discrimination against women in prostitution, bring perpetrators to justice, and de-stigmatize women and girls in prostitution through gender-sensitive...more
June 21, 2022, 8:35 a.m.
Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee expresses concern about reports of the increasing number of women who are turning to prostitution due to poverty and of the practice of male landlords offering accommodations to women in return for sex (known as “sex for rent”). It is also concerned that existing services provided to women in prostitution are focused on harm reduction, rather than on exiting prostitution, which may have the effect of prolonging the exploitation of women in prostitution. While noting that it is an offence to pay for the sexual services of a child, the Committee is concerned that the prosecution is required to prove that the accused believed the child to be...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The Committee expresses concern about reports of the increasing number of women who are turning to prostitution due to poverty and of the practice of male landlords offering accommodations to women in return for sex (known as “sex for rent”). It is also concerned that existing services provided to women in prostitution are focused on harm reduction, rather than on exiting prostitution, which may have the effect of prolonging the exploitation of women in prostitution. While noting that it is an offence to pay for the sexual services of a child, the Committee is concerned that the prosecution is required to prove that the accused believed the child to be...more
June 14, 2022, 5:24 p.m.
Countries: Denmark
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"New projects that support the broad social service system have been initiated and implemented in cooperation with NGOs. These include an initiative of DKK 7 mill. with funding and counselling for persons, including non-nationals, as recommended in concluding observation 22, who wish or is about to leave prostitution launched in 2017. The aim is to provide support for the transition to a life without prostitution. In 2018, a new initiative of DKK 10 mill. aiming at preventing young people from establishing prostitution-like relationships was developed. Prostitution-like relationships, such as 'sugar-dating' may for some young people be an unintended road into prostitution, and the purpose is thus to prevent young people...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"New projects that support the broad social service system have been initiated and implemented in cooperation with NGOs. These include an initiative of DKK 7 mill. with funding and counselling for persons, including non-nationals, as recommended in concluding observation 22, who wish or is about to leave prostitution launched in 2017. The aim is to provide support for the transition to a life without prostitution. In 2018, a new initiative of DKK 10 mill. aiming at preventing young people from establishing prostitution-like relationships was developed. Prostitution-like relationships, such as 'sugar-dating' may for some young people be an unintended road into prostitution, and the purpose is thus to prevent young people...more
June 7, 2022, 9:49 a.m.
Countries: Ukraine
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Industries like prostitution and surrogacy – which are both flourishing in Ukraine – commodify and exploit women and children, exacerbate their vulnerability, and create the markets that people traffickers fill. Without the entrenched exploitation of women in Ukrainian society and the ready market for vulnerable women and children both inside Ukraine and in neighbouring countries, traffickers would not have the same success or incentive" (4). "Ukraine has a particularly dark history when it comes to human trafficking. Its poor economic conditions create high levels of unemployment and consequent vulnerability to exploitation. Corrupt officials turn a blind eye to the growing illicit domestic sex trade, and commercial surrogacy is legal. All...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Industries like prostitution and surrogacy – which are both flourishing in Ukraine – commodify and exploit women and children, exacerbate their vulnerability, and create the markets that people traffickers fill. Without the entrenched exploitation of women in Ukrainian society and the ready market for vulnerable women and children both inside Ukraine and in neighbouring countries, traffickers would not have the same success or incentive" (4). "Ukraine has a particularly dark history when it comes to human trafficking. Its poor economic conditions create high levels of unemployment and consequent vulnerability to exploitation. Corrupt officials turn a blind eye to the growing illicit domestic sex trade, and commercial surrogacy is legal. All...more
May 30, 2022, 9:08 p.m.
Countries: Switzerland
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"For upwards of 40 years, cabaret dancers from third countries have been admitted to Switzerland to engage in gainful employment. That status, created in 1995 with the explicit aim of protecting cabaret performers from exploitation, constitutes an exception to the admission of unskilled workers from third countries (excluding the EU and EFTA). FOM concluded in 2010 that the case had altered. Despite the plethora of directives in this area, cabaret performers’ working conditions seem, in the main, quite precarious. Though explicitly prohibited, prostitution is very widespread in the establishments in question, aggravating the risk of human trafficking...Opinion was divided. The cantons, cities and communes lined up behind the Federal Council’s...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"For upwards of 40 years, cabaret dancers from third countries have been admitted to Switzerland to engage in gainful employment. That status, created in 1995 with the explicit aim of protecting cabaret performers from exploitation, constitutes an exception to the admission of unskilled workers from third countries (excluding the EU and EFTA). FOM concluded in 2010 that the case had altered. Despite the plethora of directives in this area, cabaret performers’ working conditions seem, in the main, quite precarious. Though explicitly prohibited, prostitution is very widespread in the establishments in question, aggravating the risk of human trafficking...Opinion was divided. The cantons, cities and communes lined up behind the Federal Council’s...more
May 16, 2022, 8:09 p.m.
Countries: Suriname
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"...Several MICS Suriname studies have shown a close relation between women’s educational level, wealth of household and their sexual and reproductive health behaviour. Poor and low educated women tend to have higher fertility rates, relatively low use of contraceptives, are more at risk to become a teen mother, to get involved in high risk sex work, and to get infected with HIV (National Review BPfA+20, Suriname, May 2014)" (39).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"...Several MICS Suriname studies have shown a close relation between women’s educational level, wealth of household and their sexual and reproductive health behaviour. Poor and low educated women tend to have higher fertility rates, relatively low use of contraceptives, are more at risk to become a teen mother, to get involved in high risk sex work, and to get infected with HIV (National Review BPfA+20, Suriname, May 2014)" (39).
April 29, 2022, 5:43 p.m.
Countries: Russia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"[The Committee notes] [r]eports of gender-based violence and discrimination against women in prostitution, including harassment, threats, intimidation, beatings and rape" (8).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"[The Committee notes] [r]eports of gender-based violence and discrimination against women in prostitution, including harassment, threats, intimidation, beatings and rape" (8).
March 9, 2022, 8:57 a.m.
Countries: Italy
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The prostitution is a hidden and unknown phenomenon and the recent trend to exercise it in closed places, like private apartments – so as to abandon the unsecure streets, makes more difficult its disclosure. The girls live irregularly and their dependency from traffickers is psychological and physical. This is true above all for girls from Eastern Europe and Latin America and, recently from China, while the Nigerian prostitution still occurs mainly in the streets" (43). "Among major problems [with immigrant women], it is worth recalling the prostitution, the poor knowledge of contraceptive methods, and the spread of AIDS" (84).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The prostitution is a hidden and unknown phenomenon and the recent trend to exercise it in closed places, like private apartments – so as to abandon the unsecure streets, makes more difficult its disclosure. The girls live irregularly and their dependency from traffickers is psychological and physical. This is true above all for girls from Eastern Europe and Latin America and, recently from China, while the Nigerian prostitution still occurs mainly in the streets" (43). "Among major problems [with immigrant women], it is worth recalling the prostitution, the poor knowledge of contraceptive methods, and the spread of AIDS" (84).
Feb. 5, 2022, 9:24 a.m.
Countries: Mozambique
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The minimum age for consensual sex is 16 for boys and girls. The law prohibits the commercial sexual exploitation of children and child pornography. Authorities partially enforced the law, but exploitation of children and child prostitution remained a problem. Girls were exploited in prostitution in bars, roadside clubs, and restaurants. Child prostitution appeared to be most prevalent in Maputo Province and the provinces of Nampula, Beira and Manica, border towns, and at overnight stopping points along key transportation routes. Some NGOs provided health care, counseling, and vocational training to children, primarily girls, engaged in prostitution" (17). "...Mothers who did not complete secondary school were more likely to have children involved...more
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The minimum age for consensual sex is 16 for boys and girls. The law prohibits the commercial sexual exploitation of children and child pornography. Authorities partially enforced the law, but exploitation of children and child prostitution remained a problem. Girls were exploited in prostitution in bars, roadside clubs, and restaurants. Child prostitution appeared to be most prevalent in Maputo Province and the provinces of Nampula, Beira and Manica, border towns, and at overnight stopping points along key transportation routes. Some NGOs provided health care, counseling, and vocational training to children, primarily girls, engaged in prostitution" (17). "...Mothers who did not complete secondary school were more likely to have children involved...more
Jan. 24, 2022, 12:55 p.m.
Countries: Djibouti
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Despite government efforts to keep at-risk children off the streets and to warn businesses against permitting children to enter bars and clubs, children were vulnerable to prostitution on the streets and in brothels" (19).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Despite government efforts to keep at-risk children off the streets and to warn businesses against permitting children to enter bars and clubs, children were vulnerable to prostitution on the streets and in brothels" (19).
Jan. 6, 2022, 12:09 p.m.
Countries: Somalia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The society views prostution very negatively. However, there are few cases where women go to hotels for as little as $100 just for a living. While this is not seen as normal work for Somali women, poverty pushes these women to do the unthinkable. Men are not shamed, women are" (1).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The society views prostution very negatively. However, there are few cases where women go to hotels for as little as $100 just for a living. While this is not seen as normal work for Somali women, poverty pushes these women to do the unthinkable. Men are not shamed, women are" (1).
Dec. 3, 2021, 9:11 a.m.
Countries: Venezuela
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Local police and private security forces allegedly prevented LGBTI persons from entering malls, public parks, and recreational areas. NGOs reported the former Maduro regime systematically denied legal recognition to transgender and intersex persons by preventing them from obtaining identity documents required for accessing education, employment, housing, and health care. This vulnerability often led transgender and intersex persons to become victims of human trafficking or prostitution" (32).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"Local police and private security forces allegedly prevented LGBTI persons from entering malls, public parks, and recreational areas. NGOs reported the former Maduro regime systematically denied legal recognition to transgender and intersex persons by preventing them from obtaining identity documents required for accessing education, employment, housing, and health care. This vulnerability often led transgender and intersex persons to become victims of human trafficking or prostitution" (32).
Nov. 30, 2021, 2:33 p.m.
Countries: Israel
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to government officials and NGOs, some Eritrean women entered prostitution or survival sex arrangements in which a woman lives with several men and receives shelter in exchange for sex" (27).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"According to government officials and NGOs, some Eritrean women entered prostitution or survival sex arrangements in which a woman lives with several men and receives shelter in exchange for sex" (27).
Oct. 18, 2021, 6:06 p.m.
Countries: France
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The government effectively enforced labor laws, although some children were exploited in the worst forms of child labor, including commercial sexual exploitation" (33).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"The government effectively enforced labor laws, although some children were exploited in the worst forms of child labor, including commercial sexual exploitation" (33).
Oct. 4, 2021, 9:10 a.m.
Countries: Brazil
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, IRP-DATA-2
"...90 percent of transgender women survived through prostitution because they could find no other employment alternative" (26).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1, IRP-DATA-2
"...90 percent of transgender women survived through prostitution because they could find no other employment alternative" (26).
Sept. 9, 2021, 10:53 a.m.
Countries: Indonesia
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"'Festivities like Valentine's Day usually attract youth,' he added. 'That's when they are out of control and doing things which violate our norms and traditions, like consuming drugs and engaging in free sex. 'We want to prevent that here'" (para 12-14). A negative view of free sex indicates a probable societal disapproval of prostitution (JLR-CODER COMMENT).
Variables: IRP-PRACTICE-1
"'Festivities like Valentine's Day usually attract youth,' he added. 'That's when they are out of control and doing things which violate our norms and traditions, like consuming drugs and engaging in free sex. 'We want to prevent that here'" (para 12-14). A negative view of free sex indicates a probable societal disapproval of prostitution (JLR-CODER COMMENT).
July 29, 2021, 4:40 p.m.
Countries: Germany
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-2, IRP-PRACTICE-1
"One of Germany's largest red-light districts is Vulkan Street in Duisburg, a northwest German city and former industrial stronghold. A growing number of Nigerian women are ending up here, and Nigerian human traffickers are responsible for smuggling in most of them, says Barbara Wellner of Solidarity with Women in Distress (Solwodi). The organization helps victims of human trafficking and forced prostitution. Wellner says many of these women are disadvantaged, young, have received 'barely any schooling, and have just a single parent or no parents.' Such vulnerable women often fall into the hands of traffickers in Africa and get passed along a far-reaching network until they eventually land in Germany. There,...more
Variables: TRAFF-PRACTICE-2, IRP-PRACTICE-1
"One of Germany's largest red-light districts is Vulkan Street in Duisburg, a northwest German city and former industrial stronghold. A growing number of Nigerian women are ending up here, and Nigerian human traffickers are responsible for smuggling in most of them, says Barbara Wellner of Solidarity with Women in Distress (Solwodi). The organization helps victims of human trafficking and forced prostitution. Wellner says many of these women are disadvantaged, young, have received 'barely any schooling, and have just a single parent or no parents.' Such vulnerable women often fall into the hands of traffickers in Africa and get passed along a far-reaching network until they eventually land in Germany. There,...more