Countries: Angola
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"Forced labor of men and women occurred in fisheries, agriculture, construction, domestic service, and artisanal diamond-mining sectors, particularly in Lunda Norte and Lunda Sul Provinces. Migrant workers were subject to seizure of passports, threats, denial of food, and confinement" (25).

Countries: Senegal
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"The study on trafficking in persons through domestic servitude, commissioned by the National Unit, contributed to a better understanding of this phenomenon. Information provided by this study revealed: The economic impact of the huge influx of girls; The invisible nature of trafficking, resulting from findings on the low rate of complaints filed; The mistreatment sometimes suffered in homes; Hardship, abuse, the delegation of parental responsibility to other family members and issues related to recruitment agencies; The rise in the use of personal networks as a means of recruitment (and the fall in the use of media advertising).' (18)(NF - CODER COMMENT - The low rates of reporting combined with a...more

Countries: Maldives
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"According to figures, the number of migrant workers in the country nearly tripled recent years, and eight percent of these are women. In the Maldives, migrant workers are subjected to exploitation and abuse, including confiscation of identification documents, non-payment of wages, and inhumane treatment. Most migrants would not know the procedural information to lodge a complaint, and even if they are aware, most would be hesitant to disclose their undocumented status due to fear of deportation and heavy debt they had incurred in the informal migration channels. It is also crucial to highlight that in several cases migrant female domestic workers are restrained from leaving the employers home through threats...more

Countries: Ethiopia
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"Ethiopia serves as a country of origin as well as transit for the trafficking and smuggling of human beings. Studies show that the majority of those trafficked both within and outside of the country are women. The major purposes of trafficking are forced labour and sexual exploitation" (11). "[S]ome reports show that up to 1,000 women leave the country every month to find jobs as domestic workers abroad. The main destinations are Middle East and the Gulf countries" (11). "[There is] lack of protection to domestic workers" (30). Women tend to be domestic workers (MV-coder comment).

Countries: Kyrgyzstan
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"[T]he State party is a source country for trafficking in women and girls for purposes of sexual and labour exploitation, including in domestic employment" (6-7).

Countries: Nepal
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"He said that mainly women are being trafficked because their skin and organ are more often in better condition since they do not smoke or drink alcohol. Nepali women are mainly targeted for skin because they are fair and their skin is passed off as that of a person of Caucasian origin." (para 22).

Countries: United Kingdom
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"The Committee remains concerned about obstacles faced by women belonging to marginalized groups, such as asylum-seeking and refugee women, migrant women, Roma and Traveller women, and victims of trafficking in gaining access to healthcare services, including as a result of their inability to provide identity documentation, proof of address or immigration status" (13).

Countries: Philippines
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1, LDS-PRACTICE-2, LDS-DATA-1

“…Local newspapers reported on court cases involving violence committed against maids and other domestic workers. In August local media reported that the Philippine Overseas Labor Office in Dubai had sheltered a total of 1,737 women between January and June, 86 percent of whom left their employers due to alleged maltreatment, including long work hours, verbal and physical abuse, and lack of food” (36).

Countries: Mozambique
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1, CWC-DATA-4

"...Girls and women from rural areas, as well as migrant workers from bordering countries, were lured to cities with false promises of employment or education and exploited in domestic servitude and sex trafficking" (22).

Countries: Philippines
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"...Unscrupulous employers subjected women from rural communities and impoverished urban centers to domestic servitude, forced begging, and forced labor in small factories…" (37). "Domestic workers worked under a separate wage and benefit system, which lays out minimum wage requirements and payments into social welfare programs, and mandates one day off a week. While there were no reliable recent data, informed observers believed two million or more persons were employed as domestic workers, with nearly 85 percent being women or girls as young as 15 years old" (41).

Countries: Taiwan
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1, LDS-DATA-1

"The approximately 703,000 foreign workers, primarily from Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam, were vulnerable to exploitation" (23).

Countries: Netherlands
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1, LDS-PRACTICE-2

"...In Sint Maarten the lack of standard procedures for front- line responders to identify forced labor victims hindered the government’s ability to assist such persons. Following an investigation into the possible exploitation of three Filipina women hired as domestic servants, the public prosecutor’s office determined in September that the case did not amount to forced labor, despite claims from the Filipino community alleging unfair labor practices and exploitation. Isolated incidents of forced or compulsory labor occurred in the kingdom. Victims of coerced labor included both domestic and foreign women and men, as well as boys and girls (see section 7.c.) forced to work in, among other sectors, agriculture, horticulture, catering,...more

Countries: Mali
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1, LDS-DATA-1

"Approximately 25 percent of children between the ages of five and 14 were economically active, and employers subjected more than 40 percent of economically active children to the worst forms of child labor. Many were engaged in hazardous activities in agriculture. Armed groups used child soldiers in the North and the Center (see section 1.g). Child trafficking occurred. Employers used children, especially girls, for forced domestic labor. Employers forced Black Tuareg children to work as domestic and agricultural laborers" (34).

Countries: China
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"Domestic workers in Hong Kong were mostly female and mainly came from the Philippines, Indonesia, and other Southeast Asian countries" (129).

Countries: Saudi Arabia
Variables: LDS-PRACTICE-1

"Reports of east African workers being raped and tortured across the region and haunting videos of Kenyan women pleading for help after allegedly being abused by their employers saw the Kenyan government follow other countries such as Indonesia and the Philippines in banning its citizens from travelling to work in the Gulf in 2014. Since then the government has been grappling with how to allow women and the country’s economy to benefit from the huge demand for migrant domestic workers from countries such as Saudi Arabia and Qatar, while keeping those who want to travel for work safe" (para 7-8). "Paul Adhoch, the executive director of Trace Kenya, a Mombasa-based...more